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  • TITLE
  • DEDICATION
  • DECLARATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • ABSTRACT
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF PLATES
  • 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.2. Review of Literature
  • Objectives
  • 2. STUDY AREA
  • 2.1. Study Area
  • Fig. 2.1 Study area: Location Map
  • 2.1.1. Terrain and topography
  • 2.1.2. Geology
  • 2.1.3. Soil
  • 2.1.4. Climate attributes
  • 2.1.5. Temperature
  • 2.1.6. Rainfall
  • 2.1.7. Water Budgeting
  • 2.1.8. Clouds
  • 2.1.9. Fog
  • 2.1.10. Wind
  • 2.1.11. Water sources
  • 2.1.12. Salt-licks
  • 2.1.13. Flora
  • Plate- 1
  • Fig. 2.1a. Study area: Vegetation map
  • 2.1.14. Fauna
  • 3. AVIFAUNA OF PARAMBIKULAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Methods
  • 3.3. Results
  • Plate 2
  • Plate 3
  • Plate 4
  • 3.4. Discussion
  • 4. VEGETATION PHYSIOGNOMY
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Methods
  • 4.3. Results
  • 4.3.1 Moist deciduous forest
  • 4.3.2. Evergreen forest
  • 4.3.3. Teak plantation
  • 5. BIRD COMMUNITIES
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Methods
  • 5.3. Results
  • Fig. 5.8. Guild wise species richness in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary
  • Fig. 5.9. Species richness in the different habitats in the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary (2002 – 2004)
  • Fig. 5.10. Abundance of birds in the different habitats in the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary (2002 - 2004)
  • 5.4. Discussion
  • 6. FORAGING BEHAVIOUR
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Methods
  • 6.3. Results
  • 6.4. Discussion
  • 7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
  • Vegetation Physiognomy
  • Bird Communities
  • Foraging Behaviour
  • REFERENCES