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  • TITLE
  • DEDICATION
  • DECLARATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • PREFACE
  • 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Nanotechnology
  • 1.2 History of the Nanotechnology Idea
  • 1.3 Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Materials
  • 1.3 (i) Physical methods
  • 1.3 (ii) Chemical methods
  • 1.4 Characterization Techniques
  • 1.5 Properties of Nanocrystalline Materials
  • 1.6 Nanocomposites
  • 1.7 Applications of Nanocrystalline Materials
  • 1.8 Phosphates
  • 1.9 Metal Phosphates
  • 1.9 (i) Aluminium phosphate
  • 1.9 (ii) Copper phosphate
  • 1.9 (iii) Magnesium phosphate
  • 1.10 Present Work
  • 1.11 Conclusion
  • References
  • 2. SYNTHESIS AND MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Metal Phosphates
  • 2.3 Consolidation of the Nanoparticle Samples
  • 2.4 X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis of Nanocrystalline Materials
  • 2.5 Results and Discussion
  • 2.5 (i) XRD analysis of nanostructured AlPO4
  • 2.5 (ii) XRD analysis of nanocrystalline Cu2P2O7
  • 2.5 (iii) XRD analysis of nanocrystalline Mg2P2O7
  • 2.5 (iv) XRD analysis of nanocomposite Mg2P2O7-Fe3 (PO4) 2
  • 2.6 TEM Analysis of Nanocrystalline Materials
  • 2.6 (i) TEM analysis of nanocrystalline AlPO4
  • Fig.2.8. (a): SAD pattern of nano AlP04 sample at 450 OC
  • 2.7 Conclusion
  • References
  • 3. FTIR, THERMAL AND NMR STUDIES
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. FTIR Analysis of Nanocrystalline Metal Phosphates
  • 3.2 (i) FTIR analysis of nanocrystalline Alp04
  • 3.2 (ii) FTIR analysis of nanocrystalline Cu2P2O7
  • 3.2 (iii) FTIR analysis of nanocrystafiine Mg2P2O7
  • 3.2 (iv) FTIR analysis of nanocomposite Mg2P2O7-Fe3 (PO4)
  • 3.3. Thermal Analysis of Nanocrystalline Metal Phosphates
  • 3.3 (i) TG and DTA analysis of nanocrystalline AlPO4
  • 3.3 (ii) TG and DTA analysis of nanocrystalline Cu2P2O7
  • 3.3 (iii) TG and DTA analysis of nanocrystalline Mg2P2O7
  • 3.3 (iv) TG and DTA analysis of nanocomposite Mg2P2O7-Fe3 (PO4) 2
  • 3.4. NMR Studies of Nanocrystalline Metal Phosphates
  • 3.4 (i) NMR studies of nanocrystalline AlPO4
  • 3.4 (ii) NMR studies of nanocrystalline Mg2P2O7
  • 3.5. Conclusion
  • References
  • 4. MICROHARDNESS STUDIES
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Various Testing Methods
  • 4.3. Microhardness of Nanocrystalline Metal Phosphates
  • 4.4. Results and Discussion
  • 4.5. Conclusion
  • References
  • 5. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE AIPO4
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Experimental
  • 5.3. Results and Discussion
  • 5.3 (i) Dielectric constant
  • 5.3 (ii) Dielectric Loss
  • 5.3 (iii) A.C. conductivity
  • 5.3 (iv) Impedance spectroscopic analysis
  • 5.4. Conclusion
  • References
  • 6. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Cu2P2O7
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Experimental
  • 6.3 Results and Discussions
  • 6.3 (i) Dielectric constant
  • 6.3 (ii) Dielectric loss
  • 6.3 (iii) A. C. conductivity
  • 6.3 (iv) Impedance spectroscopy
  • 6.4 Conclusion
  • References
  • 7. ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Mg2P2O7 AND Mg2P2O7- Fe3 (PO4) 2 NANOCOMPOSITES
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Experimental
  • 7.3 Results and Discussions
  • 7.3 (i) Dielectric constant
  • 7.3 (ii) Dielectric loss
  • 7.3 (iii) A. C. conductivity
  • 7.3 (iv) Impedance spectroscopic analysis
  • 7.4. Conclusion
  • References