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Thesis Details
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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
PREFACE
CONTENTS
1. THE PROBLEM OF THE STUDY AND ITS APPROACH
1. The Crucial Question
2. Background of the Study
3. Relevance of the Study
4. Objectives of the Study
5. Hypothesis
6. Universe of the Study
7. Methodology and Sources of the Study
8. Review of Literature
9. Plan of Work
2. RELIGION: A CRITICAL SURVEY
Article I: Origin and Development of Religion
1. Introduction
2. Various Theories on the Origin of Religions
(a) Anthropological Theories of Religions
i) Animism
ii) Animatism
(b) Sociological Theories of Religion
i) Emile Durkheim
ii) Karl Marx
iii) Max Weber
(c) Psychological Theories of Religion
i) William James
ii) Sigmund Freud
iii) Alfred Adler
iv) Carl Gustav Jung
v) Gordon Allport
vi) Abraham Maslow
vii) Erik H. Erikson
viii) Erich Fromm
3. Essential Elements of Religion
(a) Creed
(b) Cult (Rituals)
(c) Code of Conduct
4. Supplementary Elements of Religion
(a) Myth
(b) Mythology
(c) Mystery
5. Definition of Religion
6. Conclusion
Article II: Goal of Religion
1. Introduction
2. Establishment of: Relationships
(a) Man and God
(b) Man and Himself
(c) Man and Man
(d) Man and Nature
3. Religion and Morality
4. Religion: A Way of Life
5. Religion and Salvation
6. Conclusion
7. Evaluation
3. GANDHIAN APPROACH TO RELIGION
Article I: Early Sources of Influence
1. Introduction
2. Multireligious Context and its Influence
(a) Hinduism
(b) Islam
(c) Christianity
(d) Buddhism and Jainism
(e) Theosophy
3. The Situation of Religious Conflicts
4. Conclusion
Article II: Gandhijis Concept of Religion and God
1. Introduction
2. Necessity and Universality of Religion
3. Characteristics of Religion
4. Essence of Religion
5. Concept of God
6. Search after Truth through Non-violence
7. Conclusion
Article III: Integration of Secular and Sacred
1. Introduction
2. Religion and Service
3. Religion and Politics
4. Sarvodaya
5. The Ideal of Ramarajya
6. Conclusion
7. Evaluation
4. SPIRITUALITIES OF MAJOR WORLD RELIGIONS
Article I: Hindu Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Hindu Spirituality
(a) Basic Faith Unity of God (Brahman)
(b) Relationship of Brahman and Atman
(c) Vamasramadharma
3. The Main Goals of Life
(a) Dharma
(b) Artha
(c) Kama
(d) Moksa
4. Ways to attain Moksa
(a) Karma Yoga (The Path of Action)
(b) Bhakti Yoga (The Path of Devotion)
(c) Jnana Yoga (The Path of Knowledge)
5. Conclusion
Article II: Islamic Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Islamic Spirituality
(a) Faith in One God: Allah
(b) The Message of Holy Qur-an
(c) Universal Brotherhood of Man
3. Heaven: The Goal of Life
4. Ways Leading to Fulfilment
(a) Declaration of Faith (Shahada)
(b) The Prayer (Salat)
(c) Fasting (Sawn)
(d) Sharing of Wealth (Zakat)
(e) The Pilgrimage (Hajj)
5. Conclusion
Article III: Christian Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals of Christian Spirituality
(a) The Trinitarian Foundation
(b) The Person and Message of Jesus Christ as the model of Christian living
(c) The Biblical Message
(d) The Redemption of Whole Creation
3. Heaven: The Goal of Christian Spirituality
4. Different Ways to Redemption
(a) Doing the Will of God as shown by Christ
(b) Ascetical Mysticism out of Love
(c) Self-sacrifice in the Service of Others
5. Conclusion
Article IV: Concept of Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Religiosity and Spirituality
3. Spirituality: A Call. to Wholeness
4. Definition of Spirituality
5. Conclusion
6. Evaluation
5. TOWARD A TRANSRELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY
Article I: Emergence of Transreligious Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Factors Influence its Emergence
(a) Religious Pluralism
(b) Concept of Secularism
(c) Fanaticism
(d) Need of an Integrated and Holistic Spirituality
3. Approaches Towards Religious Pluralism
4. Conclusion
Article II: Transreligious Dimension of Hindu Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Transreligious Approach in Hinduism
(a) The Unity of Brahman
(b) The Unique Relationship of Brahman, Atman. and Nature
(c) Satya (Truth) as Goal and Ahimsa (Non violence) as Means
(d) Niskamakarma (Action of Detachment) as the Duty of Man
3. Conclusion
Article III: Transreligious Dimension of Islamic Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Transreligious Approach in the Qur-an
3. Basic Qur-anic Values
(a) Belief in one God of the Universe: Allah
(b) Universal Brotherhood
(c) Tolerance
(d) Peace and Harmony as Basic Tenet
4. Conclusion
Article IV: Transreligious Dimension of Christian Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Transreligious Approach in the Bible
(a) The Old Testament
(b) The New Testament
3. Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God
4. Values of the Kingdom of God
(a) The Concept of the Fatherhood of God
(b) Love of God and Man
(c) Selfless Service
5. Conclusion
Article V: Transreligious Dimension in Other World Religions
1. Introduction
2. Buddhism
3. Jainism
4. Sikhism
5. Zoroastrianism
6. Conclusion
Article VI: The Basic Characteristics of Transreligious Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. God as the Cosmic Centre of the Universe
(a) God as the Ultimate and All Pervading
(b) Gods Providence sustains the Universe
3. Man as the Meeting Point of the Divine and the Worldly
(a) To the Ultimate (Truth) through Universal Love (Ahimsa)
(b) Selfless Service and Self-sacrifice as Means of Love
(c) Uniqueness and Equality of Everyone (Universal Brotherhood)
(d) Primacy of Code of Conduct
4. World as the Temple of the Divine-Human Meeting
(a) Nature as the Divine Manifestation
(b) Nature as an Indispensable part of Man
5. Conclusion
6. Evaluation
6. GANDHIJIS EXPERIMENTS WITH TRANSRELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY
Article I: Experiments in Ashram Life
1. Introduction
2. Origin and Development of Ashrams
(a) The Phoenix Settlement
(b) Tolsloy Farm
(c) Ahmedabad and Sabarmati Ashrams
(d) Sevagram Ashram
3. Conclusion
Article II: Ashram Vows: The Basis of Gandhian Transreligious Spirituality
1. Introduction
2. Ashram Vows
(a) Satya (Truth)
(b) Ahimsa (Non-violence or Universal Love)
(c) Asteya (Non-stealing)
(d) Aparigraha (Non- possession)
(e) Brahmacarya (Celibacy)
(f) Sarira Srama (Bread Labour)
(g) Aswada (Control of Palate)
(h) Bhayavarjana (Fearlessness)
(i) Sarva Dharma Samabhava (Equality of all Religions)
(j) Swadeshi (Self-reliance)
(k) Sparsa Bhava (Removal of Untouchability)
3. Other Observances
(a) Prayer
(b) Simplicity of Life
(c) Humility of Character
4. Conclusion
Article III: Characteristics of Transreligious Spirituality of Gandhiji
1. Introduction
2. Truth as God: The All-Pervading Reality
(a) Truth as Transcending all Historical and Particular Religions
(b) Religions as Partial Manifestation of Truth Realization
(c) Divine Paternity and Human Fraternity
3. Mans Call to be the Embodiment of Ahimsa
(a) Non-violence (Ahimsa) as the Supreme Means to Truth
(b) Self-realization through Selfless Service
(c) Supremacy of Morality
4. Nature as the Integral Part of Man
(a) The Mutual Dependency of the whole Creation
(b) The Self-realization of Man in and through this World
(c) Work Place as the Temple of Worship
5. Conclusion
6. Evaluation
7. TRANSRELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY: RELEVANCE AND CHALLENGES
1. Introduction
2. Relevance of Gandhijis Transreligious Spirituality
(a) Transreligious Spirituality takes us beyond inter faith dialogue to an interfaith living
(b) Transreligious Spirituality is a great help to overcome religious fundamentalism and to resolve communal conflicts
(c) Transreligious Spirituality encourages us to feel at ease while worshipping with the members of all faiths
(d) Transreligious Spirituality expects that one must go deep into the central teachings of ones religion
(e) Trans religious Spirituality helps us to see the entire cosmos as one family in Love
3. Challenges of Transreligious Spirituality
(a) Fear of Relativization of ones Faith
(b) Eclecticism
(c) Lack of Commitment to any Religion
4. Findings of the Study
5. Suggestions and Policy Recommendations
6. Conclusion
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY