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  • Title
  • DECLARATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • The List of Tables
  • I. Introduction
  • Objectives
  • Hypotheses
  • Methodology
  • CHAPTERISATION
  • II. An Overview of Urban Informal Sector
  • The Concept of Informal Sector
  • 2.1 Employment, Net Domestic Product and Output Per Worker in India in 1981 and 1991.
  • 2.2 The Percentage Distribution of Workers According to Usual Status by the Category of Employment At All India Level.
  • 2.3 Percentage Share in Total Casual Employment.
  • 2.4 Unemployment Rates by Sex, Residence and Status.
  • 2.5 Work Participation Rate in India (1971 -1991)
  • 2.6 Work Participation Rate in Kerala (1971 - 1991)
  • III. Demographic Features and Occupational Structure of Kottayam Municipality
  • 3.1 Ward-wise Population in Kottayam Municipality.
  • Density of Population
  • Sex Ratio
  • 3.2 Sex-ratio in Kottayam Municipality.
  • Literacy
  • Growth of Population
  • 3.3 Effective Literacy Rate in Kottayam Municipality.
  • Growth of Population and Slums
  • 3.4 Growth of Population in Kottayam.
  • 3.5 Growth of SC and ST Population.
  • 3.6 Slums in Kottayam Municipality
  • 3.7 Slum Dependency Ratio.
  • 3.8 The Labour Force in Slums
  • Occupational Structure
  • 3.9 Occupational Structure and Work Participation Rate.
  • IV. Structure and Composition of the Informal Sector in Kottayam
  • 4.1 Composition of Workers by Main Economic Activity
  • Classification of the Workers
  • 4.2 Classification of Workers by Sector.
  • 4.3 A Family Profile of the Workers
  • 4.4 Distribution of Workers by Migrant and Non-migrant Status
  • 4.5 Working Place of the Workers
  • 4.6 Distribution of Workers by the Type of Location
  • 4.7 Distribution of Workers by Their Experience in the Present Work and Location
  • 4.8 Determinants of the Location of Working Place.
  • V. Socio-economic Characteristics
  • Age and Sector of Work
  • Educational Attainment
  • 5.1 Distribution of the Sample Workers by Age Group and Sector of Work.
  • 5.2 Distribution of the Sample Workers by Educational Level and Sector of Work.
  • Skill
  • 5.3 Distribution of Skilled and Unskilled Workers by the Sector of Work.
  • Marital Status
  • Caste and Religion
  • 5.4 Distribution of Workers by Marital Status and Sector of Work.
  • 5.5 Distribution of Workers by Religion and Sector of Work.
  • 5.6 Distribution of Workers by Average Monthly Income
  • Earnings
  • Family Size and Dependency Ratio
  • 5.7 Profile of Earners.
  • Work Participation Rate
  • Associations
  • 5.8 Work Participation Rate.
  • Status of Dwelling
  • 5.9 Affiliation to Associations / unions.
  • 5.10 Reasons for Not Joining Any Association.
  • 5.11 Status of Dwelling
  • 5.12 Distribution of Rooms in the Dwelling.
  • Ownership of Work Place
  • 5.13 Type of Fuel.
  • 5.14 Ownership of the Building.
  • Facilities
  • Present Value of Owned Building
  • 5.15 Facilities in the Work Place.
  • Value of Fixed Capital Excluding the Building
  • 5.16 Present Value of Owned Building
  • Migratory Characteristics
  • 5.17 Value of Fixed Capital Excluding the Building.
  • 5.18 Distribution of Migrants by the Sector of Work.
  • 5.19 Educational Attainment by Migrant Status.
  • 5.20 Distribution of Migrants by the Previous Domicile.
  • 5.21 Causal Factors for Migration
  • 5.22 Distribution of Migrants by the Waiting Period
  • 5.23 Supporters During the Waiting Period.
  • VI. Intrasectoral and Intersectoral Mobility
  • 6.1 Distribution of Workers by Previous Economic Activity.
  • 6.2 Age At the Starting of the Previous Economic Activity.
  • 6.3 Nature of Previous Employment
  • 6.4 Type of Contract of Previous Work.
  • 6.5 Type of Registration
  • 6.6 Nature of Remuneration of Previous Work
  • 6.7 Source of Knowledge About the Previous Employment.
  • 6.8 Method of Skill Acquisition for the Previous Employment.
  • 6.9 the Reasons for Quitting the Previous Employment.
  • Occupational Mobility Patterns
  • 6.10 Distribution of the Workers by Previous and Current Sector of Work.
  • 6.11 Nature of Current Employment.
  • 6.12 Job Satisfaction.
  • 6.13 Distribution of Workers by Current and Preferred Sector of Employment.
  • 6.14 Mobility From the Current Employment
  • 6.15 Factors Affecting Mobility of the Workers From the Current Employment.
  • 6.16 Source of Knowledge About Future Employment and Means of Access.
  • VII. Determinants of Employment
  • 7.1 The Reasons for the Choice of Informal Employment.
  • 7.2 Source of Knowledge About the Current Employment
  • 7.3 Source of Starting Capital.
  • 7.4 Method of Skill Acquisition for the Current Employment
  • Pattern of Linkages
  • 7.5 Suppliers of Inputs.
  • 7.6 Mode of Payment.
  • 7.7 Classification of Customers.
  • 7.8 Mode of Payment by the Customers
  • The Factors Constraining Employment
  • 7.9 Factors Constraining Employment
  • 7.10 Source of Credit.
  • Models of Employment Determination
  • Definitions of the explanatory variables
  • The Results of Model - I
  • 7.11 Multiple Regression Results of Model -1
  • 7.12 Step-wise Regression Results At the 7th Step of Model -I
  • Tlie Results of Model - II
  • 7.13 Multiple Regression Results of Model -I1
  • 7.14 Step-wise Multiple Regression Results At the 7th Step of Model -II.
  • The Results of Model - III
  • 7.15 Multiple Regression Results of Model - III
  • 7.16 Step-wise Regression Results At the 6 th Step of Model - Ill
  • The Results of Model - IV
  • 7.17 Multiple Regression Results of Model - IV
  • 7.18 Step-wise Regression Results At the 9th Step of Model -IV
  • The Results of Model - V
  • 7.19 Step-wise Regression Results of Model - V
  • The Results of Model - VI
  • 7.20 Step-wise Regression Results of Model -VI
  • The Results of Model - VII
  • 7.21 Step-wise Multiple Regression Results of Model- VII
  • 7.22 Step-wise Multiple Regression. Results of Model- VIII
  • The Rcsults of Model - VlII
  • VIII. A Recapitulation
  • APPENDIX - Interview Schedule
  • BIBILIOGRAPHY