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TITLE
DEDICATION
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF PLATES
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. General Introduction
1.2. Significance of pulses
1.3. Significance of green gram
1.4. Significance of AM fungi in relation to green gram
1.5. Major Objectives of the study
1.6. Major Achievements
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. Definition of mycorrhiza
2.2. Taxonomy of AM fungi
2.3. Distribution of AMF
2.4. Interactions between AM fungi and host plants
2.5. AM fungal colonization
2.6. AM and plant growth responses
2.7. AM fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms
2.8. AM and Phosphorus (P) nutrition
2.9. Role of AM in other mineral absorption
2.10. AM and stress tolerance
2.11. AM interaction with nematodes and pathogens
2.12. AM as biocontrol agent
2.13. Ecological significance of AM as a bio-fertilizer
2.14. AM physiology and host gene expression
2.15. Plant Genotype dependent AM expression
2.16. AM fungi and host root relationships
2.17. AM culturing, management and genetic manipulation
2.18. Factors influencing AM development
2.19. AM in cultivated crops
2.20. AM-Rhizobium interaction and Nitrogen (N) nutrition
2.21. Nodulation in relation to Rhizobium and other soil factors legumes
2.22. Conclusion
3. MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Field Survey
3.3. Experimental Materials
PLATE -1Root nodules isolated from different host plants
3.4. Experimental trials
PLATE 2 Experiment with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobium and NPK
PLATE 3 Experiment with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobiurn and NPK
4. RESULTS
4.1. AMF species associated with green gram under field conditions in South India
PLATE-4 Morphology of the spores of different species of AM fungi isolated from the field
4.2. Results of experiment with different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
PLATE- 5 Comparison between Rhizobiurn treated plants and control (0)
PLATE- 6 Comparison between Rhizobium treated plants and control (0)
4.3. AMF and Piriformospora indica individually and incombination with Rhizobium isolate-R6
PLATE- 7 Performance of plants given AMF, Rhizobium and AMF-Rhizobium treatments
PLATE- 8 AM fungal INFECTION
PLATE -9 AM fungal infection
4.4. AMF consortium and Rhizobium together with N and Pin various concentrations keeping K at constant level
Plate- 10 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium and NPK at harvest
Plate-11 Plants Treated With AM Fungal Consortium and NPK At Harvest
Plate -12 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium, Rhirobiumand NPK at harvest
Plate- 13 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobiumand NPK at harvest
5. DISCUSSION
5.1. AM associated with green gram in traditional fields
5.2. Influence of different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
5.3. AM fungi, P. indica, and Rhizobium isolate-R6 on green gram
5.4. AM fungal consortium, N, P and Rhizobium on green gram
5.5. Comparison of performance of green gram
6. CONCLUSIONS
6.1. AM associated with green gram in traditional fields
6.2. Influence of different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
6.3. AM fungi, P. indica, and Rhizobium isolate-R6 on green gram
6.4. AM fungal consortium, N, P and Rhizobium on green gram