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Title
CERTIFICATE-1
CERTIFICATE-2
DECLARATION
CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS
1. Introduction
1.1 Evolution of pathogenic microorganisms that acquired antibiotic resistance.
1.2 Aflatoxin-a disease causing poison produced by molds
1.3 Need of screening of natural products for anti microbial properties
2. Review of Literature
2.1 Antibacterial activity of crude extracts from higher plants
2.1.1 Antibacterial principles from higher plants
2.2 Antifungal compounds from higher plants
2.2.1 Terpenoids having antifungal activity
2.2.2 Nitrogenous compounds having antifungal activity
2.2.3 Aromatic compounds having antifungal activity
2.2.4 Aliphatic compounds having antifungal activity
2.3 Antimicrobial compounds from Zingiberaceae family
3. Screening of Medicinal Plants for Antimicrobial Activity
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Studies on Antibacterial activity
3.2.1 Collection of plant materials
3.2.2 Preparation of crude extracts
3.2.3 Bacterial strains
3.2.4 Maintenance of bacterial strains
3.2.2 Preparation of the Inoculum
3.2.3 Disc diffusion method
3.2.4 Statistical Analysis
3.3 Studies on Antifungal properties
3.3.1 Sabourauds Dextrose Agar (SDA)
3.3.2 Fungal isolates and their maintenance
3.3.3 Screening of fungi for sensitivity towards plant extracts
3 3.4 Experimental procedure
3.4 Results and Discussion
3.4.1 Antibacterial activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of eighteen medicinal plants
3.4.2 Antibacterial activity of ether and ethyl acetate extracts of medicinal plants belonging to different families
3.4.3 Antibacterial activity of ether and ethyl acetate extracts of medicinal plants belonging to Zingiberaceae family
3.4.4 Screening of selected plants of Zingiberaceae family against multi-drug resistant staphylococcus aureus
3.4.5 Antifungal activity of six medicinal plants
4. Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Antimicrobial Principle from Zingiber zerumbet
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Present scenario on the phytochemistry of Zingiber zerumbet
4.3 Materials and Methods
4 3.1 Collection of plant material
4 3.2 Preparation of crude extracts
4.3.3 Antifungal assay
4.3.4 Separation of the crude extract using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
4.3.5 Column chromatographic separation
4 3.6 Spectroscopic studies
4.4 Results and Discussion
4.4.1 Fractions separated from Zingiber zerumbet using TLC
4.4.2 Antifungal activity
4.4.3 Characterization of fraction III
5. Inhibition of Aflatoxin in Cattle Feed by Zingiber serumbet
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Materials and Methods
5.2 1 Collection of material
5.2 2 Experimental
5.2.3 Extraction of aflatoxin from cattle feed
5.2.4 Estimation of aflatoxin
5.3 Results and Discussion
6. Summary and Conclusion
BIBILIOGRAPHY