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Full Screen- TITLE
- CERTIFICATE
- DECLARATION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- CONTENTS
- LIST OF TABLES
- LIST OF FIGURES
- I. INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- 1.2 HYPOTHESES
- 1.3 METHODOLOGY
- 1.4 SCOPE AND SIGNIFICANCE
- 1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
- 1.6 CHAPTER SCHEME
- II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
- 2.1 FERTILITY
- 2.2. LITERACY RATES
- 2.3 EMPLOYMENT AND WORK PARTICIPATION
- 2.4 FAMILY PLANNING
- 2.5 BREAK UP OF JOINT FAMILY
- 2.6 VALUE OF CHILDREN
- 2.7 SOCIAL SECURITY
- III. DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION IN KERALA
- 3.1 THE THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION
- 3.1.1 Stage I of Demographic Transition
- 3.1.2 Stage II of Demographic Transition
- 3.1.3 Stage Ill of Demographic Transition
- 3.1.4 Stage IV of Demographic Transition
- 3.2 KERALA MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT
- 3.3 THE SOCIAL PROCESS BEHIND DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE
- 3.1 Population growth rate for India and Kerala: 1901-2001
- 3.3.1 Break up of Joint Families
- 3.3.2 Improvement in Education and Health
- 3.2 Birth rate, crude death rate and infant mortality rate in Kerala: 1971-2001
- 3.3 Death rate in Kerala: 1901-1961
- 3.3.3 Growth in Literacy
- 3.4 Literacy rate in Kerala: 1901-2001
- 3.5 Mean age at marriage for Kerala: 1901-2001
- 3.6 Expectation of life at birth in Kerala: 1960 -2000
- 3.3.4 Gender Inequality
- 3.7 Sex ratio in Kerala: 1901-2001
- 3.3.5 Levels and Trends in Fertility
- 3.8 Age specific fertility rates (per thousand) and total fertility rates in Kerala: 1971-2000 3.9 Average household size for Kerala: 1961-2001
- 3.3.6 Changes in the size of Households
- 3.9 Average household size for Kerala: 1961 - 2001
- 3.3.7 The Elderly in Kerala
- 3.10 Distribution of the elderly by age groups and sex: 1998
- IV. THE IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION ON KERALAS DEVELOPMENT
- 4.1 PERCEPTION TOWARDS FAMILY
- 4.2 SMALL FAMILY NORMS
- 4.1 Average household size for Kerala: 1901-1951
- 4.3 PERCEPTION TOWARDS CHILDREN
- 4.2 Average family size for Kerala: 1961-2001
- 4.4 PERCEPTION TOWARDS EDUCATION
- 4.3 Literacy rate in Kerala and India: 1901-2001
- 4.4 Per capita expenditure on education in Kerala and India: 1981-2002
- 4.5 PERCEPTION TOWARDS EMPLOYMENT
- 4.5 Work participation rates in Kerala: 1971-2001
- 4.6 Usual principal status unemployment rates - Kerala and India: 1999-2000
- 4.7 Estimated number of annual emigrants in Kerala 1990-1998
- 4.6 LIFE EXPECTANCY AND HEALTH
- 4.8 Life expectancy at birth in Kerala: 1960-2000
- 4.9 Per capita expenditure on medical and public health in Kerala and India: 1981-2002
- 4.10 Districtwise distribution of public health centres in Kerala: 2000
- 4.7 POPULATION AGING
- 4.11 Districtwise distribution of youthfulness of population in Kerala: 1971-1991
- 4.12 Distribution of the elderly in Kerala by age groups and sex: 1998
- 4.8 PERCEPTION TOWARDS SOCIAL SECURITY
- 4.13 Expectation of life at birth assumed in the projections of Kerala: 2001-2051
- 4.9 PERCEPTION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- 4.14 Sex-wise percentage distribution of main workers by industrial classification: 1981-2001
- 4.10 WOMEN: KEY PLAYERS IN SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION
- 4.15 Literacy rate in Kerala: 1901-2001
- 4.16 Women employees in public and private sectors in Kerala: 1990-1999
- V. AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH TO THE IMPACT OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KOTTAYAM DISTRICT
- 5.1 PROFILE OF KOTTAYAM
- 5.2 DATA COLLECTION
- 5.3 PERSONAL OUTI-00K OF THE AGED POPULATION
- 5.3.1 Gender categorization
- 5.1 Gender categorization - retired Government servants
- 5.3.2 Age classification
- 5.2 Age classification
- 5.2 Age classification
- 5.3.3 Classification of respondents based on the number of children
- 5.3 Classification of respondents based on the number of children
- 5.3 Classification of respondents based on the number of children
- 5.3.4 Occupational status
- 5.4 Occupational status
- 5.4 Occupational status
- 5.3.5 Educational Status
- 5.5 Educational status
- 5.5 Educational status
- 5.3.6 Type of family
- 5.6 Type of family
- 5.6 Type of family
- 5.3.7 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.7 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.7 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.3.8 PRESENT STATUS
- 5.8 Present status of the respondents
- 5.8 Present status of the respondents
- 5.3.9 Reasons about the present status
- 5.9 Reasons about the present status
- 5.9 Reasons about the present status
- 5.3.10 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.10 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.3.11 Retirement age
- 5.11 Raising the retirement age
- 5.11 Retirement age
- 5.3.12 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.12 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.12 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.3.13 Perception towards children
- 5.13 Perception towards children from that of their parents
- 5.13 Perception towards children
- 5.4 PERSONAL OUTLOOK OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION
- 5.4.1 Gender categorization
- 5.14 Gender categorization (Younger Generation)
- 5.4.2 Age classification
- 5.15 Age classification
- 5.15 Age classification
- 5.4.3 Classification based on the number of children
- 5.16 Classification based on the number of children
- 5.4.4 Occupational status
- 5.16 Classification based on the number of children
- 5.17 Occupational status
- 5.17 Occupational status
- 5.4.5 Educational status
- 5.18 Educational status
- 5.4.6 Type of family
- 5.18 Educational status
- 5.19 Type of family
- 5.19 Type of family
- 5.4.7 Various ways of meeting expenditure
- 5.20 Various ways of meeting expenditure
- 5.20 Various ways of meeting expenditure
- 5.4.8 Preference of small family
- 5.21 Influence of income level to prefer a small family
- 5.21 Influence of income level to prefer a small family
- 5.4.9 Perception towarcts children
- 5.22 Perception towards children from that of their parents
- 5.22 Perception towards children from that of their parents
- 5.4.10 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.23 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.4.11 Reasons about the desire to work after retirement
- 5.24 Reasons about the desire to work after retirement
- 5.24 Reasons about the desire to work after retirement
- 5.4.12 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.25 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.25 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.4.13 Retirement age
- 5.26 Retirement age
- 5.26 Retirement age
- 5.4.14 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.27 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.27 Remarks regarding retirement age
- 5.5 A COMPARISON BETWEEN AGED POPULATION AND YOUNGER GENERATION
- 5.5.1 Number of children
- 5.28 Number of children of the aged and younger generation
- 5.28 Number of children of the aged and younger generation
- 5.5.2 Perception towards children
- 5.29 Perception towards children from that of their parents
- 5.29 Perception towards children from that of their parents
- 5.5.3 Type of family
- 5.30 Type of family
- 5.30 Type of family
- 5.5.4 Retirement age
- 5.31 Remarks of retirement age
- 5.31 Remarks of retirement age
- 5.5.5 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.32 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.32 Desire to work after retirement
- 5.5.6 Voluntary retirement scheme
- 5.33 Remarks of taking Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS)
- 5.33 Remarks of taking Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS)
- VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- 6.1 COMPONENTS BEHIND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- 6.2 PROBLEMS
- 6.2.1 High Rates of Unemployment
- 6.1 Status of unemployed persons in Kerala: 1999
- 6.2 Incidence of unemployment - unemployed as a percentage of labour forces, Kerala and India: 1977-2000
- 6.2.2 Increase in suicides
- 6.3 The suicide scenario in Kerala - incidence and rate of suicide by years and male-female differences: 1995-2002
- 6.2.3 Ignoring Agricultural Sector
- 6.4 Land use pattern in Kerala
- 6.5 Growth of agricultural income in Kerala (at 1993-94 prices): 1994-2004
- 6.6 Percentage distribution of main workers in Kerala 1991 & 2001
- 6.3 CONCLUSIONS
- 6.4 RECOMMENDATIONS
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- A. Books
- B. ARTICLES
- C. REPORTS
- D. DISSERTATION, SEMINAR PAPERS AND OTHERS
- E. INTERNET REFERENCES
- APPENDIX
- Questionnaire