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TITLE
CERTIFICATE 1
CERTIFICATE-2
DECLARATION
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
LIST OF TABLES
ABBREVIATIONS
I INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 MEANING OF RIGHTS
1.3 MEANING OF HUMAN RIGHTS
1.4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.6 HYPOTHESES
1.7 METHODOLOGY
1.8 SOURCES OF INFORMATION
1.9 PERIOD OF STUDY
1.10 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.11 UNIVERSE OF THE STUDY
1.12 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1.13 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1.14 CHAPTERIZATION
References and Notes
II THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE GLOBAL SCENARIO
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS
2.3 HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER THE UN CHARTER
2.4 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
2.5 ADOPTION OF THE TWO INTERNATIONAL COVENANTS
2.5.1 The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
2.5.2 Substantive Rights
2.5.3 Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
2.5.4 Optional Protocol to the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: 16 December, 1966
2.5.5 Second Optional Protoc: ol to the lnternational Covenant on Civiland Political Rights Aiming at the Abolition of Death Penalty
2.5.6 Draft Optional Protocol to the Covenant on Economic, Social andCultural Rights
2.6 INTERNATIONAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM
2.7 OFFICE OF THE U.N. HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
2.8 MONITORING OF HUMAN RIGHTS
2.9 DECLARATION ON THE RIGHT TO PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS
2.10 KEY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS
2.11 CONCLUSION
References and Notes
III HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDIA AN OVERVIEW
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN INDIA
3.2.1 Ancient Hindu Law of Human Rights
3.2.2 Human Rights in the Islamic Era
3.2.3 Human Rights in British lndia
3.2.4 Motilal Nehru Committee
3.2.5 Constituent Assembly and Human Rights
3.3 HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION
3.1 Civil and Political Rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the Indian Constitution
3.2 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the Indian Constitution
3.4 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.4.1 Specified Fundametltal Rights
3.4.2 Fundamental Rights for Citizens only
3.3 Different Articles of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Indian Constitution
3.4.3 Other Fundamental Rights (Unenumerated Fundamental Rights)
3.4.4 Right to Child Education
3.5 DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.6 FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.7 POLITICAL RIGHTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.8 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.9 JUDICIARY AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.9.1 Expansion of Article 21
3.9.2 Public Interest Litigation and Human Rights
3.10 MEDIA AND HUMAN RIGHTS
3.11 SOME OTHER MEASURES OF PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER INDIAN LAW
3.12 CONCLUSION
References and Notes
IV THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ACT, 1993 AND THE NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
4.3 PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ACT, 1993
4.3.1 Definition of.Human Rights under the Act
4.4 NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION
4.4.1 Appointment of Chairperson and other Members
4.4.2 Term of Office of the Members
4.4.3 Removal of a Member of the Commission
4.4.4 Powers and Functions
4.5 PROCEDURE FOR DEALING WITH COMPLAINTS
4.6 STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSIONS
4.7 HUMAN RIGHTS COURTS IN DISTRICTS
4.8 RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMISSION
4.9 AN EVALUATION OF N.H.R.C.
4.1 Number of Complaints Received by the N.H.R.C
4.10 CONCLUSION
References and Notes
V THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - CONSTITUTION, POWER, FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES
5.1 Introduction
5.2 History of K.S.H.R.C.
5.3 Composition and Powers
5.3.1 Appointment of Chairperson and Members
5.3.2 Term of Office
5.3.3 Removal of Members
5.3.4 Investigation
5.3.5 Inquiry into Complaints
5.3.6 Steps After Enquiry
5.3.7 Constitution of Benches
5.3.8 Complaints
5.3.9 Complaints not Ordinarily Maintainable
5.3.10 Sittings of the Commission
5.3.11 Finance and Audit
5.3.12 Powers and Functions (of the Commission
5.3.13 Powers Relating to Inquiries
5.4 Activities of the K.S.H.R.C. during the period December1998 to 3ISt March 2000
Action Taken on Petitions
Action taken on Suo Motu basis by the K.S.H.R.C.
Visits Conducted by the K.S.H.R.C.
5.5 Activities of the K.S.H.R.C. During the Period from 1 April2000 to 31 March 2001
5.1 Petitions Received and Disposed by the K.S.H.R.C (1999-2000)
Action Taken on Suo Mot11 by the K.S.H.R.C.
Action Taken on Petitions by the K.S.H.R.C.
Visits Conducted by the Kerala State Human Rights Commission
Visits Conducted by the Kerala State Human Rights Commissionin Jails, Police Stations, Agathi Mandiram etc.
Human Rights Awareness Programmes Conducted by the K.S.H.R.C.
5.2 Number of Petitions Received and the Number of Petitions Disposed of by the K.S.H.R.C. (1999-2001)
References and Notes
VI THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - THE PROTECTOR OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN KERALA
6.1 PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS BY THE K.S.H.R.C. DURING THE PERIOD BETWEEN 1ST APRIL 2001 AND 31ST MARCH 2002
Action Taken on Petitions
Action Taken on Suo-Motu Basis
Visits Conducted by the Corrimission
6.1 Number of Petitions Received and Number of Petitions Disposed of (1999-2002)
6.2 GOVERNMENTS RESPONSE TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS SUBMITTED BY THE COMMISSION
6.2.1 H.R.M.P No. 43199 (HRMP No. 297199)
6.2.2 H.R.M.P No. 35012000
6.2.3 H.R.M.P No. 43011999
6.2.4 H.R.M.P. No. 46812000
6.2.5 H.R.M.P No. 925199
6.2.6 H.R.M.P. No. 995199
6.2.7 H.R.M.P No. 103711999
6.2.8 H.R.M.P No. 11071 2000
6.2.9 H.R.M.P. No. 112911999
6.3 ACTIVITIES OF THE K.S.H.R.C. FROM APRIL 2002 TO MARCH 2003
Action Taken on Petitions
Action Taken Suo-Motu by the Kerala State Human Rights Commission
Human Rights Awareness Programmes Conducted by theK.SH.R.C.
6.4 RESPONSE OF THE GOVERNMENT TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS
6.4.1 H.R.M.P. 312000
6.4.2 H.R.M.P. 310112000
6.4.3 H.R.M.P. 426/2000
6.4.4 H.R.M.P. No. 329712000
6.4.6 H.R.M.P. No. 1518/99
6.5 RECOMMENDATION - OF THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION TO THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA REGARDING ROAD ACCIDENTS
6.2 Number of Petitions Received and Number of Petitions Disposed of (1999-2003)
6.3 Road Accidents - International Comparison - Fatality Rate
6.4 The Figures for Accidents and Fatalities in Kerala for Some Recent Years
6.6 RECOMMENDATION OF THE KERALA STATE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION TO THE GOVERNMENT OF KERALA REGARDING CORRUPTION
6.7 SUMMARY OF PERSONAL INTERVIEWS
6.8 CONCLUSION
References and Notes
VII CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 CONCLUSION AND FINDINGS
7.3 RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
7.4 SCOPE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
APPENDIX - I FORMAT OF THE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
APPENDIX - II LIST OF PERSONS INTERVIEWED