Online Thesis Search Results

TITLE
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
TABLES
LIST OF CHARTS
ABBREVIATIONS
I. INTRODUCTION
FRAMEWORK AND SAMPLE DESIGN
1.1 ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT
1.2 INFORMAL SECTOR: MEANING AND DEFINITION
1.3 CONSTITUENTS OF THE INFORMAL SECTOR
1.4 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1.6 HYPOTHESES
1.7 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
1.8 IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
1.9 REGION OF THE STUDY
1.10 METHODOLOGY
1.11 SAMPLE DESIGN
Regrouping of Trading Activities
1.1 Distribution of Samples: Activity & Area-wise
1.12 COLLECTION OF DATA-SOME PROBLEMS
1.13 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1.14 PLAN OF THE STUDY
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1.1 Sector Approach
2.1.2 Fragmented Approach
2.1.3 Petty Commodity Production Approach
2.1.4.1 Target Group Approach
2.1.4.2 Characteristics of the Informal Sector
2.2 INFORMAL SECTOR: DIFFERENT CONCEPTS
2.3 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
2.3.1 The Lewis-Fei-Ranis Theory of Development
2.3.2 The Harris - Todaro Model
2.3.3 The Theory of Segmented Labour markets
2.4 EMPIRICAL STUDIES
2.4.2 Issues Related to Self-employment
2.4.3 The Size of the Informal Sector
2.4.4 Income and Employment Generation
2.4.5 Structure of Capital
2.4.6 Value Added
2.4.7 Socio-economic Characteristics
2.4.8 Migration and Remittances
2.4.9 Occupational Mobility
2.5 RATIONALE OF THE. STUDY
III. INFORMAL SECTOR - A PROFILE
3.1 INTERNATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE
3.1 Growth of informal sector in selected cities (in %)
3.2.1 The Indian Context
3.2.2 Employment in organised and unorganised sectors
3.2 Trends in Employment in organised and unorganised sectors, 1961 to 1991
3.3.1 Size, Structure and Growth of Informal Sector
3.3.2 National Level Estimates
3.3 Net Domestic product by organised and unorganised sectors at current prices.
3.4 Size and composition of the Informal sector in certain class I cities (1971)
3.3.3 City-level Studies
3.4 KERALA SCENARIO IN GENERAL AND THE THREE CORPORATIONS INPARTICULAR
3.4.1 Distinctive features of Kerala Economy
3.5 Vital information about the population of India and Kerala in particular
3.5 EMPLOYMENT IN THE ORGANISED SECTOR
3.6 Employment in the organised sector - Kerala
3.6 UNEMPLOYMENT
3.7 Distribution of work seekers in Kerala by educational levels
3.7 THE LEVEL OF URBANISATION
3.8 Proportion of total population in rural - urban Kerala.
3.8 MIGRATION
3.9 URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR IN KERALA
3.10 THE SIZE OF THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN KERALA
3.11 THIRUVANANTHAPURAM CORPORATION
3.1 2 KOCHl CORPORATION
3.1 3 KOZHIKODE CORPORATION
3.9 Vital Information of three Corporations of Kerala.
IV. NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF URBAN INFORMAL TRADE SECTOR
4.1 ORIGIN AND LOCALITY
4.1.1 Petty traders categorised on the basis of origin by area of operation
4.1.2 Classification of petty traders on the basis of origin by major trading activity groups.
4.1.3 Petty traders categorised on the basis of locality.
4.1.4 Petty traders categorised on the basis of locality by major trading activity groups.
4.2 SEX-WISE COMPOSITION
4.2.1 Sex-wise composition of petty traders by area of operation.
4.2.2 Sex-wise composition of petty traders by major trading activity groups.
4.3 AGE COMPOSITION
4.3.1 Age-composition of petty traders by area of operation.
4.3.2 Age-composition of petty traders by major trading activity groups
4.3.3 Average age, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation of petty traders across activities.
4.1 Average age of different category of petty traders
4.4 MARITAL STATUS
4.4.1 Marital status of petty traders - A city-wise classification
4.4.2 Marital status of petty traders - across activities
4.5 RELIGION OF THE RESPONDENTS
4.5.1 Religion of the respondents - A city-wise classification
4.5.2 Religion of the petty traders and nature of activity
4.6 EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF PETTY TRADERS
4.6.1 Educational status of petty traders - A city-wise classification
4.6.2 Educational status of petty traders across activities
4.6.3 Average level of education, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation of petty traders across activities.
4.7 NATURE OF FAMILY
4.2 Average year of schooling of different category of petty traders
4.7.1 Nature of the family of petty traders - A city-wise classification
4.7.2 Nature of the family of petty traders across activities
4.8 NATURE OF DEPENDENCE ON PETTY TRADERS
4.8.1 Nature of dependence on petty traders - A city-wise classification
4.8.2 Pattern of dependence on petty traders across activities
4.8.3 Activity-wise number of dependants on petty traders in the study area
4.9 EXPENDITURE PARTICULARS OF FAMILY
4.9.1 A city-wise classification of the average total yearly expenditure on various items by different categories of petty traders.
4.9.2 Activity-wise statement of yearly average family expendi ture on different items by various categories of petty traders in the entire study area.
4.3 Average monthly expenditure of the sampled petty traders
V. CHANNELS AND PATTERN OF PETTY TRADING
5.1 COMPOSITION OF PETTY TRADERS
5.1.1 A city-wise classification of petty traders
5.1.2 Composition of petty traders across activity
5.2 NATURE OF WORKERS INVOLVED IN PETTY TRADING
5.2.1 Nature of workers involved in petty trading - Family and Hired
5.3 LENGTH OF EXPERIENCE IN PETTY TRADING
5.3.1 Length of experience of petty traders
5.3.2 Average length of experience, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of petty traders across activities.
5.1 Average length of experience of the sampled petty traders
5.4 NUMBER OF DAYS AND HOURS OF WORK
5.5 OCCUPATIONAL MOBlLlTYlACTlVlTY SHIFT
5.5.1 Activity shifts of the petty traders
5.5.2 Average activity shift, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation of petty traders across activities.
5.2 Average activity shift of the surveyed petty traders
5.6 MODE OF PAYMENT FOR PURCHASE
5.6.1 Mode of payment for purchase
5.7 MARKET CHANNELS FOR PURCHASES
5.7.1 Market channels for purchases
5.8 NATURE OF PURCHASE BY PETTY TRADERS
5.8.1 Nature of purchase
5.9 SOURCES OF PURCHASES
5.9.1 Sources of purchase
5.10 MODE OF PURCHASE
5.10.1 Mode of purchases
5.11 SELLING
5.11.1 Quantum of daily sales
5.12 MODE OF SALE
5.12.1 Mode of sales
5.13 QUALITY OF MATERIALS SOLD
5.13.1 Quality of materials sold
VI. ROLE OF PETTY TRADERS
6.1 EMPLOYMENT
6.2 INCOME / EARNINGS
6.2.1 Net daily earnings
6.2.2 Average net earnings, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation across activities
6.1 Average net earnings of the sampled petty traders
6.3 EARNINGS AND MOBILITY
6.3.1 Summaries of earnings of petty traders by levels of activity shifts.
6.4 CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
6.4.1 Amount of capital invested
6.4.2 Average amount of capital invested, standard deviation and co-efficient of variation across activities.
6.2 Average amount of capital invested by the sampled petty traders
6.5 LINKAGE AND PETTY TRADING
6.6 PETTY TRADING AND SELF- EMPLOYMENT
6.7 PETTY TRADING AND ENTREPRENUERSHIP
VII. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF PETTY TRADERS
7.1 PROBLEMS IN BUYING / ASSEMBLING
7.1.1 Problems faced during purchase of commodities by petty traders.
7.1.2 Problems faced by the petty traders relating to finance
7.1.3 Debt position of the respondents
7.1.4 Sources of debt of the respondents
7.2 PROBLEMS IN SELLING
7.2.1 Major selling problems faced by the petty traders
7.2.2 Nature of harassment faced by the petty traders.
7.3 PROBLEMS OF COMPETITION
7.3.1 Nature of competition faced by the petty traders
7.4 UNEQUAL / DISADVANTAGEOUS TRADE
7.5 PROBLEMS POSED BY CITY PLANNING
7.5.1 Petty traders and city planning
7.6 SAVING POSITION OF THE RESPONDENTS
7.6.1 Monthly savings of the respondents
7.7 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT
7.7.1 Expectation of the surveyed petty traders regarding the various types of assistance from the government
7.8 SCOPE OF URBAN INFORMAL TRADE SECTOR
7.8.1 Scope of urban informal trade sector
7.8.2 Willingness of the surveyed petty traders to join the formal sector
7.9 PETTY TRADERS AND TRADE UNION
7.9.1 Petty traders and trade union
7.10 PETTY TRADERS AND SOCIAL STATUS
7.10.1 Petty traders perception on their own social status
VIII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
8.1.1 General
8.1.2 Working Conditions
8.1.3 Buying and Selling
8.1.4 Capital
8.1.5 Employment
8.1.6 Problems
8.1.7 Prospects
8.2 INFERENCES MADE FROM THE STUDY
8.2.1 The first hypothesis is that selectivity among petty traders in the urbaninformal sector is found to exist.
8.2.2 The second hypothesis developed in this study is that petty traders deal incheap and low-priced goods mostly of common and daily use.
8.2.3 Successful petty traders are those with upward activity shifts is the third hypothesis.
8.2.4 The fourth hypothesis developed in this study is that the earnings of thepetty traders are influenced by capital which is low.
8.2.5 There exists a close association between petty trading and informal creditsystem is the fifth and the last hypothesis developed in this study.
8.3 POLICY IMPLICATION
8.4 RECOMMENDATIONS
8.5 FURTHER RESEARCH ISSUES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX