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Title
DEDICATION
CERTIFICATE 1
CERTIFICATE-2
CERTIFICATE 3
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
List of Notations and Abbreviations
CONTENTS
Preface
1. Introduction
1.1. Blending techniques
1.1.1 Mechanical blend
1.1.2 Mechanochemical blends
1.1.3 Chemical blends
1.1.4 Solution cast blends
1.1.5 Latex blends
1.2. Compatibility of polymer mixtures
1.3. Properties of polymer blends
1.3.1 Physical properties
1.3.2 Glass transition behaviour
1.3.3 Morphology
1.4. Cross linking of polymer blends
1.5. History of IPN development
1.6. Relationships among blends, grafts and IPNs
1.7. Mode of IPN synthesis
1.8. Properties of IPNs
1.8.1 Physical and mechanical behaviour
1.8.2 Glass transition and viscoelastic behaviour
1.8.3 Ultimate behaviour
1.8.4 Morphology
1.8.5 Phase continuity in IPNs
1.9. Applications of IPN materials
1.10. Objectives of the present work
1.11. References
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Studies on the diffusion of styrene monomer through natural rubber
2.3. Preparation of interpenetrating polymer networks
2.4. Characterisation of IPNs
2.4.1 Mechanical properties
2.4.2 Phase morphology
2.4.3 Fractography
2.4.4 Crosslink density
2.4.5 Dynamic mechanical analysis
2.4.6 Thermal studies
2.4.7 Swelling studies
2.4.8 Electrical properties
2.5. References
3. Transport of Styrene Monomer through Vulcanised Natural Rubber
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Results and discussion
3.2.1 Effect of cure system, crosslink density, cure time and temperature
3.2.2 Mechanism of diffusion
3.2.3 Diffusion, sorption and permeation
3.2.4 Activation energy and thermodynamic parameters
3.2.5 Theoretical fitting
3.3 References
4. Effect of Blend Ratio, Crosslink Density and Initiating System on Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of IPNs
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Results and discussion
4.2.1 Phase morphology
4.2.2 Gel content and crosslink density
4.2.3 Properties of semi-IPNs
4.2.4 Properties of full-IPNs
4.2.5 Model fitting
4.2.6 Izod impact behaviour
4.3 References
5. Viscoelastic Behaviour of Natural Rubber/ Polystyrene Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Results and discussion
5.2.1 Effect of blend ratio, cross linking, initiating system, temperature and frequency on viscoelastic properties
5.2.2 Modelling of viscoelastic behaviour
5.2.3 Cole-Cole analysis
5.3 References
6. Thermal Studies of Natural Rubber/ Polystyrene Interpenetrating Polymer Networks
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Results and discussion
6.2.1 Effect of blend ratio, cross linking level and initiating system on thermal degradation
6.2.2 Kinetic parameters from thermal degradation
6.2.3 Ageing of IPNs
6.3. References
7. Swelling Behaviour of Natural Rubber/ Polystyrene (NR / PS) Interpenetrating Polymer Networks in Various Organic Solvents and Oils
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Results and discussion
7.2.1 Effect of penetrant size, blend ratio, cross linker content, temperature and initiating system on swelling
7.2.2 Mechanism of diffusion
7.2.3 Diffusion, sorption and permeation coefficient
7.2.4 The temperature dependence of transport phenomenon
7.2.5 Theoretical fitting
7.2.6 Solvent resistance of interpenetrating polymer networks
7.2.7 Effect of swelling on mechanical properties
7.3 References
8. Electrical Properties of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Based on Natural Rubber) Polystyrene
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Results and discussion
8.2.1 Volume resistivity and conductivity
8.2.2 Dielectric constant, loss factor and dissipation factor
8.2.3 Comparison with theory
8.3. References
9. Conclusion and Future Prospects
APPENDICES