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TITLE
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF TEXT FIGURES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF PLATES
SECTION I - ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOGRAPHIC STUDIES
1 INTRODUCTION
SECTION I - ECOLOGICAL AND PHYTOGRAPHIC STUDIES
SECTION II - BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. Vegetation analysis
2.2. Seed germination and reproductive capacity
2.3. Leaf Architecture
2.4. Epidermal aspects
2.4.1. Stomatal lndex
2.4.2. Palisade ratio
2.5. Medicobotanical aspects of the taxa investigated
1. Field view of five species of Sida
2. Field view of taxa investigated
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1. Quadrat study
3.2. Basal area
3.3. Soil testing
3.4. Seed germination and reproductive capacity
3.5. Root system
3.6. Foliar Features
3.6.1. Clearing of the leaves
3.6.2. Epidermal aspects
3.6.3. Stornatal size
3.6.4. Stornatal lndex
3.7. Statistical tools adopted
I.A Details of specimens used for research
I.B List of associates studied
4 OBSERVATIONS
4.1. Ecological Studies
4.1.1. Vegetation analysis
2. Distribution pattern of taxa studied
3. Distribution of different taxa in site -I
4. Data of RF, RD, RDo & IV I of four taxa of site -I
5. Distribution of different taxa in site - II
6. Data of RF, RD, RDo & IV I of six taxa of Site -II
7. Distribution of different taxa in site - III
8. Data of RF, RD, RDo & I V I of five taxa of Site- III
9. Distribution of different taxa in site - IV
10. Data of RF, RD, RDo & IV I of eight taxa of Site - IV
1. Phytograph of.S. retusa
2. Phytograph of S. cordifolia
3. Phytograph of S. rhombifolia
4. Phytograph of S.acute
5. Phytograph of S. retusa
6. Phytograph of S. rhombifolia
7. Phytograph of S. acuta
8. Phytograph of T. rhomboidea
9. Phytograph of U. lobata
10. Phytograph of U.sinuata
11. Phytograph of S. retusa
12. Phytograph of S. acuta
13. Phytograph of U.. lobata
14. Phytograph of U. sinuata
I5. Phytograph of T rhomboidea
16. Phytograph of S. retusa
17. Phytograph of S. cordifolia
I8. Phytograph of S. acuta
19. Phytograph of.S. veronicaefolia
20. Phytograph of U. lobata
2I. Phytograph of U. sinuata
22. Phytograph of T. rhomboidea
23. Phytograph of G. microcos
24. Pie diagram showing relative density of plants of site -I
25. Pie diagram showing relative density of plants of site -II
26. Pie diagram showing relative density of plants of site - III
27. Pie diagram showing relative density of plants of site - IV
4.1.2. Soil analysis
11. Data of soil moisture content
12. Data of soil analysis
4.1.3. Germination
4.1.4. Seed output and reproductive capacity
13. Data of embryo viability
14. Data of percentage of germination under different conditions
15. Data of effect of conc. H2SO4 scarification for different duration (in minutes) on germination (%)
16. Data of seed output and reproductive capacity of the taxa investigated
28. Bar chart showing mean reproductive capacity and germination percentage of the selected taxa
29. Bar chart showing seed viability and germination percentage in pretreated (Conc. H2SO4) seeds
30 Bar chart showing percentage of seed viability and germination under laboratory conditions
3. Embryo viability of the taxa under study
4. Photograph showing germination
4.2. Phytographic Studies
4.2.1. Description of the taxa
1. Habit of the taxa studied
A. S. acuta
B. S.retusa
C. S. rhombifolia
D. S. cordifolia
2. Habit of the taxa studied
A. S veronicaefolia
B..A . indicum
C. U lobata
D. U. sinuata
3. Habit of the taxa studied
A. G. microcos
B. T rhomboidea
4.2.2. Root system
4. Root system of the taxa investigated
1. S.rhombifolia
2. S.retusa
3. S acuta
5. Root system of the taxa investigated
1. S. cordifolia
2. S. veronicaefolia
3.A. indicum
4. U. lobata
6. Root system of the taxa investigated
1. U. Sinuata
2.T rhomboidea
3. G.microcos
4.2.3. Foliar Features
4.2.3.1. Leaf architecture
17. Data of qualitative features of leaf
18. Data of foliar features of the taxa studied
19. Analysis of variance in respect of Stomatal Index
20. Multiple pairwise comparisons of Stomatal Index of ten taxa
4.2.3.2. Stomatal Index
4.2.3.3. Size of the stomata
5. Venation pattern of the taxa investigated
21. Data of size of stomata of the taxa investigated
22. Analysis of variance in respect of stomatal size
23. Multiple pairwise comparisons of stomatal size
31. Mean and confidence interval of length and breadth of stomata
7. Morphology of fruits and seeds
8. Lower epidermal cells and stomata of five species of Sida
9. Lower epidermal cells and stomata of species of Abutilon, Urena, Triumfetta and Grewia
4.2.3.4. Palisade ratio
24. Palisade ratio of the taxa investigated
25. Analysis of variance in respect of palisade ratio
26. Multiple pairwise comparisons of palisade ratio
32. Mean and confidence interval of palisade ratio of selected taxa
5. DISCUSSION
5.1. Vegetation analysis
5.2. Soil analysis
5.3. Seed germination
5.4. Seed output and reproductive capacity
5.5. Root system
5.6. Foliar features
5.6.1. Leaf architecture
5.6.2. Stomatal lndex
5.6.3. Size of the stomata
5.6.4. Palisade ratio
33. Bar chart showing Stomata] Index of selected taxa
SECTION II - BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
6. BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
6.1. Introduction
6.2 Review of literature
6.3. Materials and methods
6.4. Observations
6.5. Discussion
27. Effect of the methanolic extract of plant materials on oxygen derived free radical generation
28. Data of superoixde radical scavenging of Sida retusa
29. Data of superoxide radical scavenging of Urena lobata
30. Data of superoxide radical scavenging of Triumfetta rhomboidea
31. Data of hydroxyl radical scavenging of Sida retusa
32. Data of hydroxyl radical scavenging of Urena lobata
33. Data of hydroxyl radical scavenging of Triumfetta rhomboidea
34. Data of lipid peroxidation inhibition Sida retusa
35. Data of lipid peroxidation inhibition Urena lobata
36. Data of lipid peroxidation inhibition Triumfetta rhomboidea
34. Bar chart showing IC 50 off. retusa, U. lobata and.T. rhomboidea
7. SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK
8. REFERENCES