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Title
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
APPENDICES
LIST OF MAPS
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF PLATES
1. Introduction
1.1. Malabar Trogon
1.2. Colour of the bare parts
Plate No.1. Adult Malabar Trogon female and male
1. Measurement of Malabar Trogon
1.3 References
2. Study area
2.1. Introduction
1. The study area in Ernakulam District of Kerala
Plate No.2. Bhoothathankettu and Chelamala forests
2.2. Climate and rainfall
1. Showing the monthly rainfall (mm) recorded from the study area during 1998.
2. Rainfall, number of rainy days and monthly mean temperature recorded from the study area during 1998
2.3. General vegetation
2.4. Fauna
2.5. Vegetation characteristics and insect abundance
2.6. Methodology
2. Showing the intensive study areas.
2.7. Results and discussion
3. Tree densities calculated from 44 point centered quadrates in the study area during the study
4. Vegetation parameters recorded from the selected transects
5. Area X height class cross tabulation
6. Monthly abundance of insects during 1997- 98
2. Showing the abundence of different group of insects in the study area during 1997 - 498
7. Monthly abundance of insects, new leaves, and flowers during 1997-98
3. Abundance of insect groups in three different seasons during 1997 --98
4. Showing the abundance of new leaf and flower in the study area during 1997 - 498
8. Results of correlation between new leaf abundance, flower abundance, insect abundance, rain and months
2.8. Conclusion
2.9. References
3. Food and foraging
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Methodology
3.3. Results and discussion
5. Showing the percentage of each insect group consumed by the Malabar Trogon during the study peod
Foraging heights
Foraging sites and strata
Prey attack methods
6. Men foraging height of Malabar Trogon in different seasons during the study period
9. Classification of foraging sites and occurrence of maneuvers of Malabar Trogon in different substratums
10. Showing the number of occurrence of different foraging maneuvers of Malabar Trogon in different substratum
7. Showing the percentage of occuarrence of foraging maneuvers of Malabar Trogon in different substrums
8. Showing the percentage of foraging maneuvers Malabar Trogon on leaf
Food handling techniques
9. Showing the percentage of foraging maneuvers Malabar Trogon in the twig substratum
Feeding associations
3.4. Conclusion
3.5 References
4. Self maintenance activities
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Methodology
4.3. Results and discussion
1. Stretching
2. Shaking
3. Beak wiping
4. Head Scratchiug
5. Preening
6. Oiling
7. Bathing
8. Feather fluffing
4.4. Conclusion
4.5. References
5. Vocalisation
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Methodology
5.3. Results and discussion
1. Social contact call
2. Territorial Call
3. Alarm call
4. Breeding call
5. Roosting call
6. Begging call
5.4. Conclusion
5.5. References
6. Territory
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Methodology
6.3. Results and discussion
Intraspecific territoriality
Territory defense
Size
Interspecific territoriality
Plate No.3. Behavioural responses of Malabar Trogon
3. Territorial bouncy of Malabar Togon in Bhoothathankettu forest.
4. Territorial boundry of Malabar Togo in Chelamala forest.
6.4. Conclusion
11. Various behaviour responses of Malabar Trogon observed during the study period.
6.5. References
7. Breeding biology
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Methodology
7.3. Results and discussion.
Advertising and Excavation
Nest building
Microhabitat and site characteristics
Nest
Plate No.4. Nest of Malabar Trogon and the male trogon feeding the young one
12. Tree species preferred by Malabar Trogon for nesting during the study
Eggs
13. Number of Juvenile and their sex of Malabar trogon recorded from different nests during the study
Incubation
Nestling
Food of juveniles
Sanitation
Breeding season
14. Breeding record of Malabar Trogon in different areas during the study period
7.4. Conclusion
7.5. References
Plate No.5. Nestling and young one of Malabar trogon
Plate No.6. Young one of Malabar Trogon
Plate No.7. Ringed young one of Malabar Trogon
8. Population and habitat preference
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Methodology
8.3. Results and discussion
10. Transect wise abundance of Malabar Trogons in different seasons during the study
15. Seasonal abundance of Malabar Trogon in different transects during the study period
8.4. Conclusion
11. Abundance of Malabar Trogons in the transects during 1997-99
8.5. Reference
9. Distribution
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Methodology
9.3. Results and discussion
12. Occurrance of Malabar Trogon in different habitats in the Thattakad bird sanctuary
13. Occurrance of Malabar Trogon in Idamala- Pooyamkutty valley
5. Peninsular India illustrating the areas where the surveys for Malabar Trogon conduted during the study.
16. Record of presence or absence of MalaBar Trogon in Idamala-Pooyamkutty valley
17. Record of the presence or absence of Malabar trogon in the bird sanctuary. Thattakad
18. Record of the presence or absence of Malabar Trogon from the different areas where surveys were carried out during the study
9.4. Conclusion
9.5. References
Resume
APPENDIX I. Checklist of the birds of the study area
APPENDIX II. Checklist of the plants recorded from the study area.
APPENDIX III. Butterflies recorded from the study area
APPENDIX IV. Checklist of birds recorded from the study area by Salim Ali during the Tranvacoare bird survey l933.
APPENDIX V. Amphibians recorded from the study area
APPENDIX VI. Checklist of Mammals
APPENDIX VII. Systematic position of Trogons
APPENDIX VIII. Trogoniforms species list