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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS
LIST OF GRAPHS
I INTRODUCTION
PREAMBLE
Significance of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Definition of Key Terms
Objectives of the Study
Hypothesis
Scope
Limitations
II REVIEW OF CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE PREAMBLE
PREAMBLE
A. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
B. ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWING
C. COMMUNITY
Community Resources
The Controversy around the Community School in the UK
D. CURRICULUM CONTEXTUALISATION STUDIES
The Home Environment
1. Indicating linking of school, home and community environment
The School Environment
Community Environment
Links between School, Home and Community
Linking the Learning Environment
2. Showing linking the leaning environment
III SURVEY OF RELATED STUDIES
A. ENVIRONMENTAL COGNITION / EDUCATION
B. CURRICULUM CONTEXTUALISATION STUDIES
C. MULTIGRADE TEACHING ON SMALL COMMUNITIES
D. COMMUNITY AND OUTDOOR EDUCATION (GENERAL)
E. ENVIRONMENTAL / DEVELOPMENTAL EDUCATION STUDIES: INDIAN STUDIES
A. SOME SPECIAL PROJECT TYPE STUDIES DONE1 PRESENTEDIN KERALA
VI METHODOLOGY
PREAMBLE
A. THE METHODS USED: CLASSIFIED IN WELL-KNOWN METHODOLOGY
Analysis
a. Documentary Analysis
b. Situation Analysis
c. Curricular Analysis
Case Study
Documentary Analysis cum Case Study
The Survey
a. Attitude Scale
1. Item Analysis Statistics of attitude scale
b. Judgement Schedule
Experimental Approaches
Constructive Approaches
B. THE QUALITATIVE COMPONENT ADDED
The Need of Adding Qualitative Approaches
The important Aspects of Qualitative Research
Validation Procedures in Qualitative Research
The Synthesis of Qualitative and Quantitative Approach
V DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS, EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRUCTS AND CASE STUDIES
PREAMBLE
A. DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS
The Expanding Habitat
Natures Bounty
1. No artificial colours, no added fragrance
2. Vitamin sea
3. View with a room house boat in the backwater
Geography
Topography
Climate
Soil Type
Flora
4. Kurinchi flowers in full bloom
Fauna
Agriculture and Agricultural Research
5. Varayadu
6. Birds on the beach of the Backel Fort Beach
7. Central State Farm at Aralam
Animal Husbandry and Dairy Development
Fisheries
Natural Resources
Minerals
Industry
Water
Religion
8. Jaina temple (Wayanadu)
9. Thirunelli Temple
Folk Arts and Festivals
10. Kalaripayattu (2)
11. Theyyam (2)
12. Kathakali
13. Secular festivals (2)
B. HISTORY MADE LIVING WITH ARCHAEOLOGY & OTHER SOURCES
14. Edakkal Cave (2)
15. Fort St. Angelo at Kannur
16. Fort built by Tippu Sultan
17. Pazhassi Tomb at Mananthavady
18. Copper plate and Stone inscription (vattezhuthu)
C. A TRYOUT IN ALAPPUZHA OF APPLICATION OF ANALYSIS
19. Light house (Alappuzha)
20. Sea bridge at Alappuzha Port
21. Karumadi temple & Karumadikuttan at Ambalappuzha
22. Arthunkal Church
D. CASE STUDIES: IDENTIFYING / USING COMMUNITY RESOURCES
1. The Mud Bank / Chakara: Ethno Science of the Fishing Community
2. Tapping the Rich Resource of Socially Weaker Sections
3. Kunchan Smaraka Mandiram, Ambalappuzha: Seat of Art form Tullal
4. The Itinerant Pesticide Promoter as a Community Educator
5. Dayals Experimental Plot
6. Kuriakoses Ecosystem: a Case cum Experiment
7. Participant Observation cum Naturalistic Experiment in Government Fisheries Vocational Higher Secondary School
8. Purposeful Map Reading Through Local Maps from Panchayat Report
9. The Polio Home, Representing Centres for the Disabled
10. Mitranikethan: A Case Study of Community-Centered Education and an Education-Centered Community
11. Farm Information Bureau
12. Centre for Science in Society (C-Sis)
13. The Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishat (KSSP) as a Secular State-wide Learning Community
14. The Investigators Gardens: Towards a Habitat Education Centre.
23. Botanical exsplorations (3)
VI ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENT- INVESTIGATORY CURRICULUM: SURVEY OF ATTITUDES / OPINIONS ON IT
PREAMBLE
A. ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENT-INVESTIGATORY CURRICULUM
B. SURVEY RESULTS
Analysis of the Results of the Attitude Survey
2. Calculation of mean and related statistics of attitude scores of the total sample
1. Attitude scores of the total samples
3. Cumulative frequencies of the total attitude scores of the whole group leading to calculation of median and related statistics
2. Attitude scores of male and female subsamples
4. Frequency distribution of the attitude scores of the Male & Female sub samples and the relevant comparative statistics
Analysis of the Individual Items and Clusters in Terms of Degree of Agreement
5a. Integrated Approach
5b. Use of the local environment
5c. Community links: Principles and Practice
5d. Sensitisation to resources outside the public instruction system: folk sources, extension centre and reports at local and higher levels
5e. The problems of merging the small community in the larger community in the interest of the national integration and standard curriculum
5f. Project / Problem approach verses systematic teaching skills
5g. The expert verses situation analysis in curriculum formation
5h. Project / Problem approach verses systematic teaching of skills
Judgement of Behavioural Changes Following the New Approach
Comparison between Pupils in Class 8 and those in Classes 9 & 10
6. Judgement of behaviour of pupils of class 8 compared with pupil of class 9 and 10 relating to activity and community orientation.
3. Graph of data relating to Table-6
Comparison of the Behaviours when Trainee was a School Pupil and Now
7. Comparison of weighted scores of the trainees recollected status when they were high school pupils with the rating of class 8 pupil trained in environmental-oriented curriculum
4. Graph of data relating to Table-7
8. Frequent versus Rare / Non-occurrence of certain teacher / pupil behaviours-earlier and now - tested for independence by Chi square
VII CONCLUSION
A. SUMMARY OF THE WHY AND HOW OF THE STUDY
B. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
C. INTEGRATED EDUCATION MODELS USING ENVIRONMENT AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES
1. Unity in diversity
2. Learning from below
3. Community learning and producing
4. Cultural dialectics
5. Invisible pedagogy
6. Triangulations
7. Hierarchies and expanding circles
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
QUESTIONNAIRE ONCOMMUNITYIENVIRONMENT - ORIENTED INTEGRATED EDUCATION