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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF DIAGRAMS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
I. INTRODUCTION
The Research Problem
Relevance of the Study
Objectives of the Study
Scope of the Study
Methodology
Data Sources
Limitations of the Study
Layout of the Thesis
CHAPTER REFERENCE
II. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT RATIONALE AND MEANS
A Critique of the Dominant Growth Model
A. The Resource Depletion Problem
2.1 Estimated life of selected minerals
B. Environmental Threats to Sustainability
2.2 Conservation status report
D.2.1. Modified Rostow Model of Pollution
C. Other Issues of Non-Sustainability
2.3 World Population trends
2.4 Consumption weighted population index
D.2.2. Impact of Global Warming
The New Economics of Sustainable Development
The Rationale and Means
D.2.3. Derivation of Genuine Savings -- U.K
I. Coping with the Resource Problem
2.5 Conservation via. recycling
II. Caring for the Environment
III. Managing Population
IV. Controlled Consumption
V. Tackling Issues of Global Warming and Ozone Hole
VI. Social Changes for Sustainability - Importance of Reducing Poverty and Inequality
VII. Reforming the System of National Accounts
VIII. The Role of Government
IX. International Co-operation
X. Growth: the Need to Draw the Line
CHAPTER REFERENCE
III. ECONOMIC PLANNING IN A SCHEME OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT A SUMMARY VIEW OF INDIAN PLANS
Rationale of State Planning in Sustainable Development
The Need for Planning
3.1 Changes in planning framework
Challenges to Planning for SD
Planning for Development in India
3.2 Five Year Plans in historical order
3.3 Major indicators of development
Plan Performance - A critical Assessment
D.3.1. Rate of Change (%) Per Annum - Selected Indicators
Growth trend of GDP
Reasons for slow growth
Globalisation and the Changed Role of the Planning Commission
Areas of Sustainable Developments in Indian Planning
CHAPTER REFERENCE
IV. POPULATION MANAGEMENT IN INDIAN PLANS
Norms of Sustainable Population Management
Population Management Initiatives in the Indian FiveYear Plans
First Plan (1951-56)
Second Plan (1956-1961)
Third Plan (1961-661)
Fourth Plan (1969-74)
Fifth Plan (1974-79)
Sixth Plan (1980-85)
Seventh Plan (1985-90)
Eighth Plan (1992-97)
Indias Population Profile and Some Indicators of the Impact of Family Welfare Programme
4.1 Changes in important population variables
4.2 Population scenario - in the absence of family planning (1980-1990)
4.3 Births averted in million (1980-1990)
D.4.1. Actual Population vs Population in The Absence of Family Planning
4.4 MCH beneficiaries (million)
4.5 Family planning- target vs achievement (1980-1996)
4.6 Family planning and couple protection rate (1970-1996)
Critical Analysis of Population Policy
Slow Progress
Wide Regional Variations
4.7 Crude birth rate - target vs. achievement
Limited Choice
Limited Coverage
4.8 Eligible couples effectively protected: Poor vs. others (1980-87)
Ignoring men
High cost
Inefficiency and Inadequacy of Personnel
Red Tapism, Corruption and Mis-Reporting
Use of Force and Threats
Unrealistic Planning
4.9 Allocation for family planning and public health: First Plan to Eighth Plan
Quantity at the Cost of Quality
Lack of Involvement of People
Absence of Firm Political Commitment
CHAPTER REFERENCE
V. POVERTY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF PROGRESS
Features of a Sustainable Plan for Poverty Eradication
Planning for Poverty Alleviation
First Plan (1951 - 56)
Second Plan (1956 - 61)
Third Plan (196 1 - 66)
Fourth Plan (1969 - 74)
Fifth Plan (1974 - 78)
Sixth Plan (1980 - 85)
Seventh Plan (1985 - 90)
Eighth Plan (1992 - 97)
Poverty Trend in the Indian Economy
5.1 Estimates of rural poverty in India
5.2 Trend in poverty (1970171 to 1993/94)
D.5.1 Trend in Poverty (1970 - 1993) Rural vs. Urban
Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) as an Alternate Measure of Change in Poverty
5.3 The percentage fall in FGT (poverty rate)
PQLI for poor
PQLI - India: 1951 - 1971
PQLI for 1971-91 period
5.4 Value of PQLI (1951-1971)
5.5 PQLI - 1981
5.6 PQLI - 1991
5.7 PQLI - 1951 to 1991, total and for the poor
D.5.2. Comparison of PQLI, Total and For The Poor
Critical Evaluation of the Strategy for Poverty Eradication
Lack of integrated planning and the absence of consistency in policy (ad-hocism)
5.8 Percentage of poor in total population, selected Asian countries
Inadequate attention to asset creation, selection of wrong projects and lack of follow up.
5.9 Project-wise benefits - skilled labour vs. unskilled
PA programme not adequately employment oriented
Lack of flexibility
No role to the poor in plan designing
Inadequate size of programmes
Failure in targeting
Leakage
Administrative Failure
Inadequate Political Commitment
CHAPTER REFERENCE
VI. THE ENVIRONEMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDIA
Norms of Sustainable Management of the Environment
Plan Programmes for Environmental Protection andManagement: 1951-1997
First Plan (1951-1956)
Second Plan (1956 - 61)
Third Plan (1961 - 66)
Fourth Plan (1969 - 74)
Fifth Plan (1974 - 79)
The Sixth Plan (1980 - 85)
Seventh Plan
Eighth Plan (1992 - 97)
Survey of Major Environmental Problems of India
Land Degradation
6.1 Use of chemicals in agricultural sector (1951 - 1997)
Deforestation
6.2 Motive for conversion of forests
Fall in Biodiversity
Perils of Pollution
6.3 Vehicle population in India
6.4 Auto-emission standards: India vs. others
6.5 Fifty residential locations classified, based on level of pollution
6.6 Concentration of pollutants near Taj Mahal
6.7 Daily generation and collection of garbage: selected cities.
Environmental Issues from Development Projects
Indias Environmental Management System - What Went Wrong ?
6.8 Economic costs of environmental pollution
Faulty Planning; Inconsistency in the Approach
Absence of a Comprehensive Approach
Paucity and Low Quality of Staff
Poor Implementation
Top Down Approach - Low Involvement of the People
Lack of Political Commitment
CHAPTER REFERENCE
VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Major Findings of the Study
Findings on Population Management System
Findings on Poverty Eradication Programme
Findings on the Environmental Management System
Suggestions for Improvement
Suggestions on Population Planning
Suggestions on Reorganisation of the Poverty Alleviation Programme
Suggestions on Environmental Management System
Reforming the Planning System of India
Findings on the system and process of planning
Suggestions on planning systems and the process of planning
Revamping the Planning System
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX 1 - THE CRUDE BIRTH RATE AND RELATED VARIABLES - A STATISTICAL EXERCISE FOR THE 1990s
A.1. Correlation test -- CBR and related variables
A.2. Test of significance
APPENDIX 2 - METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING PHYSICAL QUALITY OF LIFE INDEX (PQL1)