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  • TITLE
  • DEDICATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF PLATES
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1. General Introduction
  • 1.2. Significance of pulses
  • 1.3. Significance of green gram
  • 1.4. Significance of AM fungi in relation to green gram
  • 1.5. Major Objectives of the study
  • 1.6. Major Achievements
  • 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
  • 2.1. Definition of mycorrhiza
  • 2.2. Taxonomy of AM fungi
  • 2.3. Distribution of AMF
  • 2.4. Interactions between AM fungi and host plants
  • 2.5. AM fungal colonization
  • 2.6. AM and plant growth responses
  • 2.7. AM fungi and rhizosphere microorganisms
  • 2.8. AM and Phosphorus (P) nutrition
  • 2.9. Role of AM in other mineral absorption
  • 2.10. AM and stress tolerance
  • 2.11. AM interaction with nematodes and pathogens
  • 2.12. AM as biocontrol agent
  • 2.13. Ecological significance of AM as a bio-fertilizer
  • 2.14. AM physiology and host gene expression
  • 2.15. Plant Genotype dependent AM expression
  • 2.16. AM fungi and host root relationships
  • 2.17. AM culturing, management and genetic manipulation
  • 2.18. Factors influencing AM development
  • 2.19. AM in cultivated crops
  • 2.20. AM-Rhizobium interaction and Nitrogen (N) nutrition
  • 2.21. Nodulation in relation to Rhizobium and other soil factors legumes
  • 2.22. Conclusion
  • 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Field Survey
  • 3.3. Experimental Materials
  • PLATE -1Root nodules isolated from different host plants
  • 3.4. Experimental trials
  • PLATE 2 Experiment with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobium and NPK
  • PLATE 3 Experiment with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobiurn and NPK
  • 4. RESULTS
  • 4.1. AMF species associated with green gram under field conditions in South India
  • PLATE-4 Morphology of the spores of different species of AM fungi isolated from the field
  • 4.2. Results of experiment with different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
  • PLATE- 5 Comparison between Rhizobiurn treated plants and control (0)
  • PLATE- 6 Comparison between Rhizobium treated plants and control (0)
  • 4.3. AMF and Piriformospora indica individually and incombination with Rhizobium isolate-R6
  • PLATE- 7 Performance of plants given AMF, Rhizobium and AMF-Rhizobium treatments
  • PLATE- 8 AM fungal INFECTION
  • PLATE -9 AM fungal infection
  • 4.4. AMF consortium and Rhizobium together with N and Pin various concentrations keeping K at constant level
  • Plate- 10 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium and NPK at harvest
  • Plate-11 Plants Treated With AM Fungal Consortium and NPK At Harvest
  • Plate -12 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium, Rhirobiumand NPK at harvest
  • Plate- 13 Plants treated with AM fungal consortium, Rhizobiumand NPK at harvest
  • 5. DISCUSSION
  • 5.1. AM associated with green gram in traditional fields
  • 5.2. Influence of different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
  • 5.3. AM fungi, P. indica, and Rhizobium isolate-R6 on green gram
  • 5.4. AM fungal consortium, N, P and Rhizobium on green gram
  • 5.5. Comparison of performance of green gram
  • 6. CONCLUSIONS
  • 6.1. AM associated with green gram in traditional fields
  • 6.2. Influence of different Rhizobium isolates in green gram
  • 6.3. AM fungi, P. indica, and Rhizobium isolate-R6 on green gram
  • 6.4. AM fungal consortium, N, P and Rhizobium on green gram