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  • TITLE
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 Banana taxonomy
  • 1.2 Origin of seedless edible clones
  • 1.3 Banana (Musa spp.) cultivation
  • 1.4 Nutritive features of banana
  • 1.5 Constraints to the development of the plantains
  • 1.6 Propagation of banana
  • 1.7 Tissue culture studies in banana
  • 1.8 Subculture studies
  • 1.9 In situ mass propagation using BAP
  • 1.10 Somaclonal variation in banana
  • 1.11 Ontogeny and somaclonal variation
  • 1.12 Characterisation of somaclonal variation
  • 1.13 Use of biofertilizers in cultivation of plants
  • 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
  • 2.1 Preparation of culture media
  • 2.2. Isolation, sterilization and inoculation of nendran and poovan shoot tip explants
  • 2.3 Culture of inflorescence apex explants of nendran and poovan
  • 2.4 Multiple shoot formation
  • 2.5 Rooting of in vitro regenerated shoots
  • 2.6 Data collection and tabulation
  • 2.7 Transfer to the field
  • 2.8 Subculture studies
  • 2.9 In situ mass propagation by using benzyl amino purine
  • 2.10 Screening for somaclonal variations
  • 2.11 Biochemical analysis
  • 2.12 Isoenzyme analysis
  • 2.13 Histological studies
  • 2.14 Biofertilizer application studies
  • 3. OBSERVATIONS
  • 3.1 Hormone induced bud formation in suckers
  • 3.2 In vitro culture studies
  • 3.2.1 Inflorescence tip culture of nendran variety
  • 3.2.2 Inflorescence tip culture of poovan variety
  • 3.2.3 Shoot tip culture of nendran.
  • 3.2.4 Shoot tip culture of poovan
  • 3.3 SCREENING FOR SOMACLONAL VARIATIONS
  • 3.3.1 Screening by growth and yield characters
  • 3.3.2 Screening the photosynthetic efficiency and metabolites
  • 3.3.3 Screening for isoenzymes
  • 3.3.4 Subculture and somaclonal variations
  • 3.3.5 Ontogeny and somaclonal variations
  • 3.3.6 Biofertilizer application
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 1 to 8
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  • FIGURES 9 to 14
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  • FIGURES 15 to 22
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  • FIGURES 23 to 30
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  • FIGURES 31 to 36
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  • FIGURES 37 to 44
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 45 to 49
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 50 to 55
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 56 to 58
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 59 to 61
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 62 to 66
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 67 to 74
  • Fig. 75. Diagramatic representation of the L.S. of the responding inflorescence tipexplant with two structun: ~a t a later stage of development in the axilof the bracts.
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 76 to 81
  • Fig. Caption
  • FIGURES 82 to 93
  • 4. DISCUSSION
  • 4.1 Standardized technique for micro propagation of nendran and poovan cultivar varieties of banana
  • 4.2 Effect of hormones on somaclonal variation
  • 4.3 Assessment and identification of somaclonal variants by using growth and yield parameters
  • 4.4 Sub culture and somaclonal variations
  • 4.5 Identification of somaclonal variation using photosynthetic efficiency and metabolites
  • 4.6 Somaclonal variation in relation to the ontogeny of in vitro regenerated plants
  • 4.7 Application of biofertilizers
  • 5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
  • LITERATURE CITED
  • APPENDIX