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  • Title
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • List of tables
  • List of figures
  • List of abbreviations
  • List of appendices
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Content of the study
  • 1.1.1 Demographic context
  • 1.1.2 Social context
  • 1.2 Need for the present investigation
  • 1.3 Need for the family life satisfaction inventory
  • Family life satisfaction - Definition
  • 1.4 Statement of the problem
  • 1.5 Definition of terms
  • Adjustment
  • Correlates
  • Old age
  • Living arrangement
  • 1.6 Aim and objectives of the study
  • 1.7 Hypotheses
  • Living arrangement and the six measures of adjustment
  • Gender and the six measures of adjustment
  • Age and the six measures of adjustment
  • Location of Residence and the six measures of adjustment
  • lncorne and the six measures of adjustment
  • Education and the six measures of adjustment
  • Family life satisfaction and the six measures of adjustment
  • Beliefs and the six measures of adjustment
  • Belief in God
  • Belief in religion
  • Belief in moral character
  • Counselling intervention
  • 1.8 Methodology in brief
  • 1.9 Scope of the study
  • 1.10 Limitations of the study
  • 1.11 Format of the report
  • 2 Theoretical overview
  • 2.1 Aging: concepts and definitions
  • 2.1.1 Biological aging
  • 2.1.2 Psychological aging
  • 2.1.3 Sociological aging
  • 2.1.4 Aging as old age
  • 2.2 Theories of aging
  • 2.2.1 Biological theories of aging
  • 2.2.1.1 Genetic theories
  • DNA damage theory (Cellular genetic theories)
  • Error theory
  • 2.2.1.2 Non Genetic theories
  • Wear and Tear theory
  • Accumulation theory
  • Free radical theory
  • Cross linkage theory
  • Physiological theories
  • Stress theory
  • Immunological theory
  • Homeostatic imbalance theory
  • 2.2.2 Social Theories of aging
  • Disengagement theory
  • Activity theory
  • Continuity theory
  • Other social theories
  • 2.2.3 Psychological theories of aging
  • Life span development theories
  • 2.3 Aging in relation to family support
  • 2.4 Aging in relation to family relationship
  • 2.5 Aging in relation to living arrangement
  • 2.6 Adjustment: Concepts, definitions and terminologies
  • Definitions
  • Different terms related to adjustment
  • 2.7 Adjustment in relation to aging
  • 2.7.1 Adjustment (developmental) tasks of old age
  • 2.7.2 Patterns of adjustment to aging
  • 2.8 Intervention: Towards adjustment in old age
  • Supportive counselling
  • lnsight oriented counselling
  • Life review and reminiscence counselling
  • Logo therapy
  • Peer counselling
  • Grief counselling
  • 3 Review of related research
  • 3.1 Relationship between family correlates and adjustment of the elderly
  • 3.1.1 Relationship between lving arrangement, marital status, family type and adjustment of the elderly
  • 3.1.2 Relationship between family relationships and adjustment of the elderly
  • 3.2 Relationship between socio-demographic factors and adjustment of the elderly
  • 3.3 Relationship between religiosity, spirituality and adjustment of the elderly.
  • 3.4 Researches on counselling intervention with the elderly
  • 4 Methodology
  • 4.1 Design of the study
  • 4.2 Locale of the study
  • 4.3 Sample and sampling procedure
  • Inclusion criteria
  • Exclusion criteria
  • Sampling procedure
  • Selection of the sample for intervention
  • 4.4 The tools
  • Description of the tools
  • Schedule for socio-demographic and background information
  • Adjustment inventory
  • Concept Interpretations
  • Home adjustment (A)
  • Social Adjustment (B)
  • Emotional Adjustment (C)
  • Self Adjustment (D)
  • Health Adjustment (E)
  • Reliability and validity
  • Mathew materialism-spiritualism scale
  • Score Interpretations
  • Reliability and validity
  • Family life satisfaction inventory for the elderly
  • Preliminary stage
  • Sub-scales: Description
  • Sample
  • Administration of the inventory
  • Scoring
  • ltem analysis and ltem selection
  • Reliability
  • Validity
  • 4.5 Administration of the tests
  • 4.6 Scoring and processing of data
  • Adjustment inventory
  • Mathew materialism-spiritualism scale
  • Family life satisfaction inventory for the elderly
  • 4.7 Statistical techniques
  • 1. Analysis of variance
  • 2. Test of least significance difference (LSD)
  • 3. Paired t test
  • 4.8 The approach adopted for counselling intervention
  • 5 Analysis and disscussion
  • 5.1 Plan of analysis
  • 5.1.1 Suitability of ANOVA test
  • 5.1.2 Terminology in relation to Statistical Significance and Living arrangement
  • 5.2 Results and discussion
  • 5.2.1 Relationship between socio - demographic variables and the six measures of adjustment
  • 5.2.1.1 Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and age in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.1.2 Living arrangement, Gender and location of residence in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and location of residence in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.1.3 Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.1.4 Living arrangement, gender and education in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to education adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and income in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.2 Relationship between family life satisfaction and the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to self adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and family life satisfaction in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.3 Relationship between beliefs and the six measures of adjustment
  • 5.2.3.1 Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to self adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in god in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.3.2 living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to self adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in religion in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.3.3 Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character inrelation to the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to general adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to home adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to social adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement, gender and belief in moral character in relation to health adjustment
  • 5.2.4 Effect of counselling intervention
  • 5.2.4.1 Effect of counselling intervention on the six measures of adjustment
  • 5.2.4.2 Effect of counselling intervention on the four measures of family life satisfaction
  • 5.2.5 Observations in relation to counselling the elderly
  • 6 Summary and conclusions
  • 6.1 The study in retrospect
  • 6.2 Summary of findings and tenability of hypotheses
  • 6.2.1 Living arrangement and the six measures of adjustment
  • Living arrangement and general adjustment
  • Living arrangement and home adjustment
  • Living arrangement and social adjustment
  • Living arrangement and emotional adjustment
  • Living arrangement and self-adjustment
  • Living arrangement and health adjustment
  • 6.2.2 Gender and the six measures of adjustment
  • Gender and general adjustment
  • Gender and home adjustment
  • Gender and social adjustment
  • Gender and emotional adjustment
  • Gender and self-adjustment
  • Gender and health adjustment
  • 6.2.3 Age and the six measures of adjustment
  • 6.2.4 Location of residence and the six measures of adjustment
  • 6.2.5 Income and the six measures of adjustment
  • 6.2.6 Education and the six measures of adjustment
  • 6.2.7 Family life satisfaction and the six measures of adjustment
  • 6.2.8 Beliefs and the six measures of adjustment
  • Belief in God
  • Belief in religion
  • Belief in moral character
  • 6.2.9 Effect of counselling intervention on the elderly
  • 6.3 Observations in relation to counselling the elderly
  • 1. Needs in relation to home adjustment and family life satisfaction
  • 2. Needs in relation to social adjustment
  • 3. Needs in relation to emotional and self adjustment
  • 4. Needs in relation to health adjustment
  • 6.4 Important conclusions
  • 6.5 Suggestions
  • 6.6 Suggestions for future research
  • References
  • APPENDICES