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  • Title
  • DEDICATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • 1 Introduction and Objectives
  • 1.1. Organisation of the thesis
  • 2 Review of Literature
  • 2.1. Functional polymers
  • 2.2. Advantages and limitations of functional polymers
  • 2.3. Design of functional polymers
  • 2.4. Polymer bound dyes
  • 2.5. Macromolecular characteristics on the reactions of functional polymers
  • 2.5.1 Nature of the polymer support
  • 2.5.2 Microenvironmental effects
  • 2.5 3 Swelling characteristics of the polymer support
  • 2 5.4 Effect of spacer arms
  • 2.5.5 Effect of the nature and degree of cross linking in the polymer support
  • 2.6. Characterisation of functional polymer supports
  • 3 Experimental
  • 3.1 General
  • 3.1.1 Materials
  • 3.1.2 Instrumental
  • 3.2 Synthesis of crosslinked polyacrylamides
  • 3.2.1 Preparation of 2-20 mol% DVB-cross linked polyacrylamides
  • 3.2.2 Preparation of 2-20 mol% NNMBA-cross linked polyacrylamides
  • 3.2.3 Preparation of 2-20 mol% HDODA-cross linked polyacrylamides
  • 3.2.4 Preparation of 2-20 mol% TTEGDA-cross linked polyacrylamides
  • 3.3 Preparation of non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 3.3.1 Functionalization of DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked polyacrylamides with ethylenediamine
  • 3.3.2 Estimation of amino capacity
  • 3 3.3 Preparation of the protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 3.4 Binding of Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, Methylene Blue and Rose Bengal by a polymer support
  • 3.5 Binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked non-protonated and protonated polyacrylanside-supported amines,
  • 3.6 Time-course and kinetics of Rose Bengal binding by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA crosslinked non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 3.7 Adsorption studies of the binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA crosslinked non-protonated and protonated aminopoly-acrylamides
  • 3.8 Effect of degree of cross linking on binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 3.9 Preparation of DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s.
  • 3.10 Binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked poly (N-vinylpyrroldone) s »
  • 3.11 Time-course and kinetics of Rose Bengal binding by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 3.12 Adsorption studies of binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NN MBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 3.13 Effect of pH on binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked polyacrylamide and poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 3.14 Swelling studies of crosslinked polyacrylamides, aminopolyacrylamides, poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s and Rose Bengal bound polymers
  • 3.15 Comparison of binding of Rose Bengal by 4 mol% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA cross linked (4 mol%) non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides and poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 4 Results and Discussion
  • 4.1 Dye binding of crosslinked polyacrylamide systems
  • 4.1.1 Synthesis of DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked polyacrylamides
  • 4.1.2 Incorporation of amino function into crosslinked polyacrylamides
  • 4.1.3 Preparation of the protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 4.1.4 Binding of Methyl Orange, Methyl Red, Methylene Blue and Rose Bengal bycrosslinked polyacrylamide-supported amine
  • 4.1.5 Rose Bengal binding by various crosslinked protonated and non-protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 4.1.6 Characterisation of the Rose Bengal bound non-protonated and protonated am inopolyacrylamides.
  • Fig. 4.9. SEM of (a) DVB-crosslinked aminopolyacrylamide and (b) Rose Bengalbound on DVB-crosslinked aminopolyacrylamide
  • Fig. 4.10. SEM of (a) NNMBA-crosslinked aminopolyacrylamide and (b) Rose Bengalbound on NNMBA-crosslinked aminopolyacrylarnide
  • 4.1.7 Timecourse and kinetics of binding of Rose Bangal by non-pmtonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • Fig 4.11.Time-course and kinetics of binding of Rose Bengal by non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 41.8 Adsorption studies of Rose Bengal by non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides.
  • 4.1.9 Effect of pH on Rose Bengal binding by 4 mol% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked aminopolyacrylamides
  • 4.1.10 Effect of the nature and degree of cross linking on binding of Rose Bengal by 2-20 mol° o DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides
  • 4.1.11 Swelling studies of 2-20 mol% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides and Rose Bengal bound polymers
  • 4.2 Dye binding of crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) systems
  • 4.2.1 Synthesis of DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 4.2.2 Rose Bengal binding by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA-and TTEGDA-cross linked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 4.2.3 Characterisation of DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s and Rose Bengal bound PVP systems
  • Fig. 4.35. SEM of (a) 4 mol% DVB-crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) and (b) RoseBengal bound polymer
  • Fig. 4.36. SEM of (a) 4 mol% NNMBA-crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) and (b) Rose Bengal bound polymer
  • 4.2.4 Time-course and kinetics of binding of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyTrolidone) s
  • 4.2.5 Studies of adsorption of Rose Bengal by DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked poly (N-tiinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 4.2.6 Effect of pH on Rose Bengal binding on 4 moI% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-crosslinked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 4.2.7 Swelling studies of 2-20 mol% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and 1TEGDA-cross linked poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) and Rose Bengal bound polymers
  • 4.3 Comparison of Binding of Rose Bengal by 4 moI% DVB-, NNMBA-, HDODA- and TTEGDA-cross linked (4 mol%) non-protonated and protonated aminopolyacrylamides and poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone) s
  • 5 Summary and Outlook
  • References