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  • TITLE
  • DECLARATION
  • CERTIFICATE
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • DEDICATION
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF APPENDICES
  • I. INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1.0. Chapter Preview
  • 1.1.1 Introduction
  • 1.1.2 Man and Environment
  • 1.1.3 Environmental Problems
  • 1.1.4 Education and Environment
  • Fig. 1-1. Interrelated components of environmental education
  • 1.1.5 The Concept of Environmental Education
  • 1.1.6 Process of Environnlental Education
  • Fig. 1-2: Dimensions of Environmental Education
  • Fig. 1-3: Elements of strategy for environmental education
  • 1.1.7 Ecological Education
  • Fig. 1-4. Different Aspects of Environmental Education
  • 1.2.0 Need and Significance of the Study
  • 1.2.1 Statement of the problem
  • 1.2.2. Explanation of Terms
  • Environmental Education
  • Potential
  • Botanic Gardens
  • 1.3.0 Objectives of the Study
  • 1.3.1 Methodology in Brief
  • 1.4.0 Scope and Limitations of the Study
  • 1.5.0. Format of the Report
  • References
  • II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
  • 2.1.0 Chapter Preview
  • 2.1.1 Introduction
  • 2.2.0 General literature related to total environmental education
  • 2.2.1 Environment: Its Protection and Conservation
  • 2.2.2 Studies on Environmental Education
  • 2.2.3 Environmental Education Initiatives in India and some Asian Countries
  • 2.2.4 Environment linked curriculurn
  • 2.2.5 Out-of Classroom Activities as Learning Experience
  • 2.2.6 Environmental Approach to Learning Biology
  • 2.3.0 The unique role of botanic gardens in conserving the environment
  • 2.3.1 Role of Botanic Gardens in Environmental Education
  • 2.4.0 Summary of the Literature Review and Previous Research
  • Environmental education scenario
  • The process of environmental education
  • Methodology / Field visit
  • Environmental Education in Botanic Gardens
  • References
  • III. METHODOLOGY
  • 3.1.0 Chapter Preview
  • 3.1.1 Introduction
  • 3.1.2 Objectives of the Study
  • 3.1.3 Method adopted for the study
  • 3.2.0 Research Design
  • 3.2.1 Structural Analysis of Botanic Gardens
  • 3.2.2 Content Analysis of the Textbook in Biology
  • 3.2.3 Experimental Design
  • 3.2.4 Model Action Plan
  • 3.3.0 The Sample for the Study
  • Table 3.1 Schoolwise breakup of the sample
  • 3.3.1 Tools and Techniques
  • Table 3.2 Breakup of the sample of IXth standard students used for the study
  • Table 3.3 Plants classified according to its habitat (pre-test)
  • Table 3.4 Plants classified according to its habitat (post-test)
  • Table 3.5 Plants classified according to its use (pretest)
  • Table 3.6 Plants classified according to its use (post-test)
  • 3.3.2 Achievement Test
  • 3.3.3 Procedure Adopted for the Experiments
  • Fig. 3.1. A visit through the botanic garden
  • Fig. 3.2. A student identifying a plant by smelling
  • 3.3.4 Variables
  • 3.4.0 Validity and Reliability of the Data-gathering Devices
  • 3.5.0. Statistical Techniques Employed for Analysis of Data
  • References
  • IV. BOTANIC GARDENS
  • 4.1.0 Chapter preview
  • 4.1.1. Introduction
  • 4.2.0 Botanic Gardens: The World of Plants
  • 4.2.1 Evolution and history of botanic gardens in the world
  • 4.2.2 Great Botanic Gardens
  • (i) Glasgow Botanic Garden
  • (ii) Munich Botanic Garden
  • (iii) Durham Botanic Garden
  • (iv) Botanic Gardens in Copenhagen
  • (v) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  • (vi) National Botanic Garden of Wales, UK
  • (vii) Moscow Botanic Garden
  • (viii) Botanic Gardens in China
  • (ix) Botanic Gardens in Canada
  • (x) Botanic Garden in USA
  • (xi) Brooklyn Botanic Garden
  • 4.2.3 Major Botanic Gardens in India: Early history and itsrole in plant conservation
  • (i) The Indian Botanic Garden
  • (ii) Government Botanic Garden, Ooty
  • (iii) Lalbagh Garden, Banglore
  • (iv) The Braynt Park, Kodaikanal
  • 4.2.4 Botanic Gardens in the State of Kerala
  • (i) Zoo and Botanic Garden
  • (ii) Malabar Botanic Garden (MBG)
  • 4.2.5 Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute: Palode
  • Fig. 4.1. TBGRI at a glance
  • Fig. 4.2. TBGRI another view of the garden
  • 4.2.5.1 Garden Division
  • (i) Ornamental Garden
  • Fig. 4.3. Entrance of the Garden
  • Fig. 4.4. Victoria amazonica
  • (ii) Aquatic Plant Collections
  • (iii) Rock Garden
  • Fig. 4.5. Nepenthes khasiana
  • Fig. 4.6. A view of the Rock garden
  • (iv) Medicinal Plants
  • Fig. 4.7. A Collection of Medicinal Plants from each district of Kerala
  • Fig. 4.8. Bamboosetum
  • (v) Bamboosetum
  • (vi) Arboretum
  • (vii) Ferns and Fern Allies
  • (viii) Palms
  • (ix) Fruit Plants
  • (x) Gene Bank
  • xi) Seed Bank
  • (xii) Museum
  • (xiii) Herbarium (TBGT)
  • 4.2.5.2 The Research and Development System
  • (i) Division of Plant Biotechnology
  • (ii) Division of Microbiology
  • (iii) Division of Phytochemistry
  • (iv) Division of Ethnomedicine
  • (v) Division of Ethnopharmacology
  • (vi) Division of Conservation Biology
  • (vii) Division of Plant Systematics & Evolutionary Biology
  • (viii) Division of Cryptogamic Botany
  • (ix) Division of Ecological Economics and Environmental Planning
  • 4.3.0 Contribution of TBGRI in Environmental Education
  • Fig. 4.9. Students in the garden (Environmental Education Programme)
  • Fig. 4.10. Students in the process of plant identification
  • Environmental Education Training Programmes at TBGRI
  • 4.4.0 Discussion and Analytical Observation
  • 4.4.1 Resources and Facilities in a Botanic Garden for Environmental Education
  • 4.1.2 Role of Botanic Gardens in Environmental Education
  • Learning Centre
  • Research Centre
  • Commercial centre
  • Fun centre
  • Conservation centre
  • CONCLUSION
  • Reference
  • V. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
  • 5.1.0 Chapter Preview
  • 5.2.0 Section A: Analysis of Botany Textbooks
  • 5.2.1 Analysis of Science Textbook of Standard V
  • Table 5.1 Standard V: Analysis of Examples of Plants according to their habitat, economic importance and availability in Botanic Garden
  • 5.2.2 Analysis of Science Textbook of Standard VI
  • Table 5.2 Standard VI: Analysis of Examples of Plants according to their habitat, economic importance and availability in Botanic Garden
  • 5.2.3 Analysis of Science Textbook of Standard VII
  • Table 5.3 Standard VII: Analysis of Examples of Plants according to their habitat, economic importance and availability in Botanic Garden
  • 5.2.4 Analysis of the Biology Textbook of Standard VIII
  • Table 5.4 Standard VIII: Analysis of Examples of Plants according to their habitat, economic importance and availability in Botanic Garden
  • 5.2.5 Analysis of the Biology Textbook of Standard IX
  • Table 5.5 Standard IX: Analysis of Examples of Plants according to their habitat, economic importance and availability in Botanic Garden
  • 5.2.6 Analysis of the Biology Textbook of Standard X
  • 5.2.7 Major findings
  • CONCLUSION
  • 5.3.0 Section B
  • 5.3.1 Experiment-1: Effect of Field Study on Plant Identification
  • Plant Identification Experiment
  • Stability of Sample Statistics
  • Stability of scores for the skill in Identifying plants
  • Table 5.6. Summary of the Statistical Constants for Pre-test and Post-test Scores in Identifying Plants (Different Types)
  • Table 5.7 Confidence Interval of plant Identification scores and variability of population mean and standard deviation.
  • Performance of Students in Identifying Different Types of Plants
  • Table 5.8 Percentiles of the pre- and post-test
  • Data and results of the post-test
  • Table 5.9. Students skill in Identifying Plants Which Are Rare in the Students Immediate Vicinity (Pre-test)
  • Effect of Visit to Botanic Garden on Students Skill in Identifying Plants
  • Table 5.10 Data and Results of Test of Significance for the Difference Between the Means of Pre-test Scores and Post-test Scores of Students, in Their Skill in Identifying Plants
  • Performance of Students in ldentifying Medicinal Plants
  • Table 5.11. Summary of the Statistical Constants for Pre-test and Post-test Scores in Identifying Medicinal Plants.
  • Table 5.12: Percentiles of the pre- and post-test (Medicinal Plants)
  • Post-test scores (medicinal plants)
  • Table 5.13 Number and Percentage of Students who Identified Rare Medicinal Plants After Field Visit (Post-test)
  • Table 5.14 Data and Results of Test of Significance for the Difference between the Means of Pretest Scores and Posttest scores in Identifying Medicinal Plants (N = 50)
  • 5.4.1 Experiment-II
  • Effect of Field Study on Achievement of Students in Botany
  • Students awareness about the plants
  • Table 5.15 Students Awareness about Certain Common Medicinal Plants
  • Table 5.16 Students Awareness about Plants Associated with Culture
  • Table 5.17 Students Awareness about Plants Described in the Syllabus
  • Stability and dependability of sample statistics
  • Table 5.18 Summary of the Statistical Constants for Pre-test and Post-test Scores in the Achievement in Botany
  • Table 5.19 Confidence Interval of the Achievement Test Scores and Variability of Population Mean and Standard Deviation.
  • Comparison of the Rural-Urban Difference in the Achievement of Students
  • Table 5.20 Data and Results of Test of Significance for the Difference between the MeanPre-test and Post-test Scores of the Students (N=60) in Their Achievement in Botany
  • Table 5.21 Data and Results of Test of Significance for the Difference between the Means of Sub samples on the Pre achievement test
  • Effect of the demonstration of plants in the Botanic Garden on the achievement of rural and urban students
  • Table 5.22 Data and Results of the Test of Significance for the Difference between the Means of Post-test of the Rural and Urban Students in their Achievement in Botany
  • 5.5.0 Major findings
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 5.4.0 Section C
  • 5.4.1 Biodiversity Conservation - A model Action Plan
  • Forest Plants for Sustainability
  • 5.3.5 Under Exploited Plant Resources
  • 5.3.6 Medicinal Plants
  • Fig. 5.1 Kaempferia galanga
  • Fig. 5.2 Saraca asoca
  • Fig. 5.3 Trichopus zeylanicus
  • Fig. 5.4 Cycas circinalis
  • 1.3.5 Plants as indicators and biomonitors of air pollution
  • Environmental Study Model
  • Teaching / Learning Competencies
  • CONCLUSION
  • VI. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
  • 6.1.0 The study in retrospect
  • 6.1.1. Objectives of the Study
  • 6.1.2 Methodology in brief
  • Research Design
  • Structural Analysis of Botanic Gardens
  • Content Analysis of the Textbook in Biology
  • Experimental Design
  • Model Action Plan
  • The Sample for the Study
  • 6.2.0 Major Findings
  • 6.2.1 Analyses of the Potentials of major Botanic Gardens
  • Resources and facilities in a botanic garden for environmental education
  • 6.2.2 Role of Botanic Gardens in Environmental Education
  • Learning Centre
  • Conservation Centre
  • 6.2.3. Content analysis of the Biology Textbooks
  • 6.2.4. Major Findings of the Experimental Study
  • 6.3.0 Conclusions and Suggestions
  • 6.3.1. Analysis of the infrastructure in Botanic Gardens
  • 6.3.2 Analysis of the Biology textbooks
  • 6.3.3 Analysis of the experimental results
  • 6.4.0 Implication of the study
  • 6.5.0. Suggestions for further research
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • APPENDIX - A List of Plants Exhibited for Plant Identification (Pre-test)
  • APPENDIX - B Response Sheet (Pre Test)
  • APPENDIX - B Response Sheet (Pre Test) English
  • APPENDIX - C List of Plants Exhibited for Plant Identification (Post-test)
  • APPENDIX - D Response Sheet (Pre Test)
  • APPENDIX - D Response Sheet (Pre Test) English
  • APPENDIX - E Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute - Questionnaire
  • APPENDIX - E Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute - Questionnaire English
  • APPENDIX - F Scoring Key
  • List of Schools Participated in theEnvironmental Education Programme