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Full Screen- TITLE
- CERTIFICATE
- DECLARATION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- CONTENTS
- LIST OF TABLES
- LIST OF FIGURES
- PREFACE
- I. INTRODUCTION
- Background
- Salient Features of the Nehrus Development Strategy
- 1.1 GDP Growth Rates at Factor Cost (1993-94 prices)
- 1.2 Budget and Balance of Payments Indicators
- 1.3 Trends in Parameters of Deficit of Central Government
- The Crisis of 1990s
- Suggested Economic Reforms-an Overview
- The Present Predicament
- 1.4 Trends of Major Macroeconomic Indicators: 1990-91-2001-02
- Hypothesis
- Objectives
- Methodology
- CHAPTERISATION
- CONCLUSION
- References and Notes
- II. INDIAN ECONOMY DURING THE BRITISH EMPIRE AN OVERVIEW
- Introduction
- Taxation
- Other Exchanges
- Total Cash Transfers
- Economic Consequences of the British Conquest
- Decline of Indian Handicrafts and Progressive Ruralisation of the Indian Economy
- Hostile Policy of the East India Company and the British Parliament
- Competition of Machine-Made Goods
- The Development of New Forms and Patterns of Demand
- Commercialisation of Indian Agriculture
- The Nature of Famines in India
- Causes of Famines
- The New Land System
- The Impact of Colonial Rule
- Poverty of the Masses and the Economic Exploitation
- Debt Services and Military Expenditure
- CONCLUSION
- References and Notes
- III. DEVELOPMENT POLICIES OF INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE: AN ANALYTICAL SURVEY
- Introduction
- Beginning of Planning in India
- Aid India Consortium: a Milestone in the Westernisation Process
- Devaluation of Rupee
- The Approach to Each Plan
- Plan Outlays / Investments
- 3.1 Plan Outlays of the Public and Private Sector
- Priorities and Pattern of Investment in the Plans
- 3.2 Sectoral Outlays during the Plans
- Agriculture and Irrigation
- Power Programmes
- Industries and Minerals
- Assessment of the Five Year Plans
- Pattern of Financing the Five Year Plans in India
- 3.3 Sources of Plan Finance: First Eight Plans
- Shift in Favour of Foreign Aid and Deficit Financing
- Domestic Budgetary Resources
- Balance from Current Revenues
- Contribution from Public Enterprises
- 3.4. Relative Significance of the Components of Domestic Budgetary Resources in Various Plans % of Total plan Resources
- Domestic Private Savings -
- Additional Resource Mobilisation
- Review of 50 Years of Planning in India
- Achievements of Planning in India
- I.Increase in national and per capita income
- 3.5 Growth of National Income and Per Capita Income
- 3.6 Growth Performance in the Five Year Plans
- 2.Progress in agriculture
- 3.7 Progress in the use of agricultural inputs since 1950-51
- 3.8 Agricultural Production under Five Year Plans (1951 to 1997)
- 3.Progress in industry
- 3.9 Progress of Industrial Production (Selected industries)
- 3.10 Net per capita availability of some essential consumer goods in India
- 4.Development of economic infrastructure
- 5.Diversification of exports and import substitution
- 6.Development of science and technology
- 7.Development of educational system
- Failure of Planning in India
- i.Failure to eliminate poverty
- ii.Failure to provide employment to all able bodied persons
- iii.Failure to reduce inequalities of income and wealth
- iv.Failure of fiscal measures to correct inequalities and control unaccounted money
- v. Failure to reduce concentration of economic power
- vi.Failure to implement land reforms
- Summing up
- References and Notes
- IV. THE NEW PHASE OF PLANNING: NEW ECONOMIC POLICY OF1991
- Introduction
- 4.1 Estimates of Poverty
- 4.2 Health Indicators
- 4.3 Growth Rate in Value added over different Periods Estimated Simultaneously
- Economic Background to the New Economic Policy
- 4.4 Trends in Central Government Finances
- Claimed Advantages of the New Economic Policy
- Reforms in the Industrial Sector
- 4.1 Industrial Growth Rates of India by Use Categories
- Reforms in the Agricultural Sector
- 4.5 Average Annual Growth Rates of Index of Agricultural Production
- Reforms in the Fiscal Sector
- Reforms in the International Trade Sector
- 4.6 Growth of Indias Exports (million US$) and Decadal Growth Rates
- Second Generation Reforms
- 4.7 Yearwise Receipts from Disinvestment of PSUs
- CONCLUSION
- References and Notes
- V. IMPACT OF THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY ON THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
- Background
- Protection Provisions
- 5.1 Share of Agricultural Workers in Total Workforce in India Percentage Share
- 5.2 Sectoral Share of Agriculture in GDP (at Factor Cost) and Gross Capital Formation (GCP)
- Indias Position in World Agriculture
- 5.3 Share of Major Crop / Crop Category in Total Cropped Area in India during 1950-97
- 5.4 Return from Main Crops in Major Producing States in India (Rs. Per Hectare Over C2 Cost at 1981-82 Prices)
- Impact of Liberalisation on Indian Agriculture
- National Agriculture Policy
- Removal of Quantitative Restrictions-Doom for Indian Agriculture?
- 5.1 Crash of Prices of Major Agricultural Products of Kerala 1999-2001 (Price per quintal)
- 5.5 Average Market Price of NR (Rs./100 kg)
- CONCLUSION
- References and Notes
- VI. THE GANDHIAN MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT-AN OUTLINE AND A CRITIQUE OF THE POLICY REGIME (INCLUDING THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY)
- Introduction
- Gandhian vs Mainstream Economics
- 6.1 Differences between Gandhian and Mainstream Economics
- The Salient Feature of the Gandhian Development Model
- The Gandhian Talisman
- Limitation of Wants
- Production by the Masses
- Appropriate Technology
- Villagism-Face to Face Community
- Trusteeship
- The Planning Regime, a Critique
- 6.2 The Structure of Economism
- The New Economic Policy: An Evaluation
- References and Notes
- VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
- 7.1 Indias External Debt Outstanding
- 7.2 Indias Global Position on Human and Gender Development
- References and Notes
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- APPENDIX I
- APPENDIX II