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Full Screen- TITLE
- DEDICATION
- CERTIFICATE
- DECLARATION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- ABBREVIATIONS
- CONTENTS
- PREFACE
- 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
- 1.1 GLASS AS A LASER HOST
- 1.2 GLASSY MATERIALS
- 1.3 PROPERTIES OF GLASSES.
- 1.4 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLASS
- 1.5 STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF GLASSES
- 1.5.1 Borate glasses
- 1.5.2 Phosphate glasses
- 1.6 GLASS FORMING CONSTITUENTS
- 1.6.1 Glass preparation
- 1.7 RARE EARTH DOPED GLASSY MATRICES
- 1.8 SENZITISED FLUORESCENCE
- 1.8.1 Radiative and nonradiative transition
- 1.9 UPCONVERSION PROCESS
- REFERENCES
- 2. THEORY OF RARE EARTH SPECTROSCOOPY IN GLASSY MATRICES.
- 2.1 INTRODUCTION
- 2.2 ELECTRONIC ENERGY LEVEL STRUCTURE OF FREE IONS
- 2.3 ENERGY LEVEL AND SPECTROSCOPY RARE EARTH IONS
- 2.3.1 Free ion in magnetic field
- 2.3.2 Coulomb interaction
- 2.3.3 Spin-orbit interaction
- 2.3.4 Hyperfine structure and quadrupole interaction
- 2.4 EMPERICAL ANALYSIS OF FREE ION SPECTRA
- 2.5 CALCULATION OF ENERGY LEVELS OF RARE EARTH IONS IN GLASSY MATRICES-
- 2.5.1 Matrix diagonalisation procedure
- 2.5.2 Taylor series method
- 2.6 OPTICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF LASER GLASSES
- 2.6.1 Judd-Ofelt theory
- 2.6.2 Absorption and emission characteristics of active media
- 2.6.3 Oscillator strength and life time
- 2.7 INTENSITY OF SPECTRAL LINES OF TRIVALENT RARE EARTH IONS
- 2.7.1 Electric dipole transitions
- 2.7.2 Magnetic dipole transactions
- 2.8 SELECTION RULES FOR OPTICAL TRANSITIONS
- 2.9 HYPERSENSITIVE TRANSITIONS
- REFERENCES.
- 3. SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF Nd3+ AND Sm3+ ION IN GLASSY MATRICES
- 3.1 INTRODUCTION
- 3.2 EXPERIMENTAL
- Fig. 3.1. Photograph of the (a) Nd3+ doped Borate and (b) sm3+ dopedPhosphate glass
- 3.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- 3.3.1 Spectroscopic properties of Nd3+ ions in borate glasses
- 3.3.2 Spectroscopic properties O f Sm3+ ions in phosphate glasses
- 3.4 CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 4. ENERGY TRANSFER IN Sm3+: Eu3+ SYSTEM IN ZINC PHOSPHATE GLASSY MATRICES
- 4.1.INTRODUCTION
- 4.2 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
- 4.2.1 Resonance energy transfer
- i) Exchange Interaction
- ii) Multipole interaction
- iii) Cross relaxation
- 4.2.2 Radiative transfer
- 4.2.3 Energy transfer by spin coupling
- 4.2.4 Non resonant energy transfer
- 4.3 PRACTICAL, MODELS OF ENERGY TRANSFER
- 4.3.1 General energy transfer model
- 4.3.2 Quasi-classical energy transfer model
- 4.3.3 Forster-Dexter energy transfer model
- 4.4 ELECTRIC DIPOLE-QUADRAPOLE INTERACTION
- 4.5 EXPERIMENTAL
- Fig. 4.6. Photograph of (a) Sm3+ (b) Eu3+ and (c) Sm3+ Eu3+ doped zinc phosphate glasses
- 4.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
- 4.7 CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 5. UPCONVERSION FLUORESCENCE IN Sm3+ ION IN ZINC PHOSPHATE GLASSES
- 5.1 INTRODUCTION.
- 5.2 THEORETICAL CONSIDFRAIONS
- 5.3 EXPERIMENTAL
- 5.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- 5.5 CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES