Online Thesis Search Results

TITLE
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
CONTENTS
PREFACE
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Physical Blends
1.2. Copolymers
1.2.1. Random / alternating copolymers:
1.2.2. Graft copolymers
1.2.3. Block copolymers
1.3. Block copolymers - An overview
1.3.1. Architectural variations
1.3.2. Incompatibility of the component polymers and morphological variation
1.3.3. Evolution of block copolymers
1.3.4. Commercial types of block copolymers
1.3.5. Thermoplastic elastomers
1.3.5.1. Property modifications
1.3.5.2. Commercial grade thermoplastic elastomers
i. Styrene- based block copolymers
ii. Polyether -ester-based
iii. Polyurethane Elastomers
(a) Course of reaction for the synthesis of polyurethane elastomers
(b) Morphology
(c) Effect of hard segment content
(d) Effect of chain extenders
(e) Effect of changing diisocyanate
1.3.6. Block copolymers with nonpolar hydrocarbon segments
1.3.6.1. Inferior mechanical properties
1.3.6.2. Molecular weight of the soft segments.
1.3.6.3. Average functionality of the soft segments.
1.3.6.4. Effect of soft segment glass transition temperature
1.3.6.5. Strain induced crystallisation
1.3.6.6. Effect of phase separation and morphology.
1.4. Scope of the Present investigation.
1.5. Objectives
References
II. EXPERIMENTAL.
2.1 Materials
2.2 Experimental
2.2.1 Preparation of hydroxyl terminated liquid natural rubber (HTNR)
2.2.1.1 Estimation of hydroxyl group.
2.2.1.2 Determination of epoxy value.
2.2.2 Synthesis of block copolymers.
2.2.2.1 One-shot process
2.2.2.2 Two-shot process
2.2.3 Polymer designation
2.3 Measurements
2.3.1 Infrared spectral analysis
2.3.2 NMR spectral analysis
2.3.3 Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis
2.3.4 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
2.3.5 The dynamic mechanical measurements (DMA)
2.3.6 Scanning electron microscopic analysis (SEM)
2.3.7 Optical microscopic analysis
2.3.8 Stress-strain behaviour
2.3.9 Tear strength
2.3.10 Shore-A hardness
References
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Spectroscopic characterization
3.1.1 Infrared spectroscopy
3.1.1.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.1.1.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.1.1.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR.
3.1.1.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.1.1.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR.
3.1.2 NMR spectroscopy
3.1.2.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.1.2.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR.
3.1.2.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
3.1.2.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR,
3.1.2.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
3.2 Differential scanning calorimetric analysis
3.2.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.2.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.2.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
3.2.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.2.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
3.2.6 A comparative account of the DSC analysis
3.3 Thermo gravimetric analysis
3.3.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.3.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.3.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
3.3.4 Block copolymers of l, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.3.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
3.3.6 A comparative account of the phenomenological data from TGA
3.3.7 Kinetic parameters from the thermal decomposition data
3.3.7.1 Kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of NR / EG block copolymers
3.3.7.2 Kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of NR / PG block copolymers-
3.3.7.3 Kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of NR / l, 3-BDO block copolymers
3.3.7.4 Kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of NR / 1, 4-BDO block copolymers
3.3.7.5 Kinetic parameters for the thermal decomposition of NR / BPA block copolymers
3.3.7.6 A comparative account of the kinetic parameters
3.4 Dynamic mechanical measurements (DMA)
3.4.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.4.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.4.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
3.4.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.4.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
3.4.6 A comparative account of the dynamic mechanical analysis
3.5 Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis
3.5.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
Fig. 54. Scanning electron micrographs of one-shot products of NREG
Fig. 55. Scanning electron micrographs of two-shot products of NR/EG
3.5.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
Fig. 56. Scanning electron micrographs of one-shot products of NR/PG
Fig. 57. Scanning electron micrographs of two-shot products of NR/PG
3.5.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
Fig. 58. Scanning electron micrographs of one-shot products of NR/1, 3-BDO
Fig. 59. Scanning electron micrographs of two-shot products of NR/1, 3-BDO
3.5.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
Fig. 60. Scanning electron micrographs of one-shot productsof NR/1, 4-BDO
Fig. 61. Scanning electron micrographs of two-shot products of NR/1, 4-BDO
3.5.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR.,
Fig. 62. Scanning electron micrographs of one-shot products of NR/BPA
Fig. 63. Scanning electron micrographs of two-shot products of NR/BPA
3.5.6 A comparative account of morphology from SEM studies
3.6 Optical microscopy
3.6.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
Fig. 64. Optical micrographs of one-shot products of NR/EG
Fig. 65. Optical micrographs of two-shot products of NR/EG:
3.6.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.6.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
Fig. 66. Optical micrographs of one-shot products of NR/PG
Fig. 67. Optical micrographs of two-shot products of NR/PG
Fig. 68. Optical micrographs of one-shot products of NR/1, 3-BDO
Fig. 69. Optical micrographs of two-shot products of NR/1, 3-BDO
3.6.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.6.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
Fig. 70. Optical micrographs of one-shot products of NR/1, 4-BDO
Fig. 71. Optical micrographs of two-shot products of NR/1, 3-BDO
Fig. 72. Optical micrographs of one-shot products of NR/BPA
Fig. 73. Optical micrographs of two-shot products of NR/BPA.
3.6.6 A comparative account of the optical microscopic studies
3.7 Stress-strain behaviour
3.7.1 Block copolymers of EG- based PU and NR
3.7.2 Block copolymers of PG- based PU and NR
3.7.3 Block copolymers of 1, 3-BDO- based PU and NR
3.7.4 Block copolymers of 1, 4-BDO- based PU and NR
3.7.5 Block copolymers of BPA- based PU and NR
3.7.6 A comparative account of the tensile properties
3.8 Tear strength
3.9 Hardness.
References
IV. CONCLUSION
APPENDIX