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  • TITLE
  • DEDICATION
  • CERTIFICATE-1
  • CERTIFICATE-2
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF PLATES
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Preface
  • 1.2 A glimpse into the previous studies
  • 1.2.1 Effect of light on seed germination
  • 1.2.1.1. Interaction between light and other factors
  • 1.2.2 Spectral analysis and discovery of phytochrome
  • 1.2.3 Light induced changes in metabolism
  • 1.2.4 Photo regulation of enzymes
  • 1.1 Index of enzymes reported to be controlled by phytochrome
  • 1.2.4.1 Mechanism of enzyme regulation by light
  • 1.2.4.1.1 Regulation by gene activation
  • 1.2.4.1.2 Activation of enzymes by light
  • 1.2.4.1.2.1 Mechanisms of light activations
  • 1.2.5 Phytochrome-An unfinished agenda
  • 1.2.5.1 Multiplicity of phytochromes
  • 1.2.5.2. Structure of phytochrome
  • 1.2.5.3. Signal transduction through phytochrome
  • 1.2.5.3.1. Change in membrane permeability and phosphorylation of proteins
  • 1.2.5.3.2 Regulation of gene expression
  • 1.2 Light regulated nuclear genes in higher plants
  • 1.2.5.4. Central dogma of phytochrome action
  • 1.2.6. Blue light effects and blue light receptors
  • 1.2.6.1. Blue light receptors
  • 1.2.6.2. Mechanism of action of blue light
  • 1.3. Objectives of present study
  • 2. Influence of light on proteins and proteases
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2 Review of literature
  • 2.3 Materials and methods
  • 2.3.1 Experimental plants
  • 2.3.2 Growth conditions
  • 2.3.3 Light treatments
  • 2.3.4 Estimation of total soluble proteins
  • 2.3.5 SDS - PAGE
  • 2.3.6 Determination of total protease activity
  • 2.4 Results
  • 2.1 Total soluble protein content in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.1 Total soluble protein content in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.2 Total soluble protein content in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.2 Total soluble protein content in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.3 Total soluble protein content in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.3 Total soluble protein content in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.4 Total soluble protein content in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 2.4 Total soluble protein content in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • Plate 2.1 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (First day)
  • 2.5 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (First day)
  • Plate 2.2 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Second day)
  • 2.6 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Second day)
  • Plate 2.3 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Third day)
  • 2.7 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Third day)
  • Plate 2.4 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Fourth day)
  • 2.8 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase (Fourth day)
  • Plate 2.5 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (First day)
  • 2.9 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (First day)
  • Plate 2.6 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Second day)
  • 2.10 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Second day)
  • Plate 2.7 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Third day)
  • 2.11 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Third day)
  • Plate 2.8 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Fourth day)
  • 2.12 Protein profile of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial dark phase (Fourth day)
  • 2.13 Total protease activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.5 Total protease activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.14 Total protease activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.6 Total protease activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.15 Total protease activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.7 Total protease activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 2.16 Total protease activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 2.8 Total protease activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 2.5 Discussion
  • 3. Influence of light on lipase
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Review of literature
  • 3.3 Materials and methods
  • 3.3.1 Experimental plants
  • 3.3.2 Growth conditions
  • 3.3.3 Light treatments
  • 3.3.4 Determination of lipase activity
  • 3.4 Results
  • 3.1 Lipase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.1 Lipase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.2 Lipase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.2 Lipase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.3 Lipase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.3 Lipase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.4 Lipase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 3.4 Lipase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 3.5 Average Lipase activity for seven days of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.6 Average Lipase activity for seven days of Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.7 Average Lipase activity for seven days of Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 3.8 Average Lipase activity for seven days of Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 3.5 Discussion
  • 4. Influence of light on amylases
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Review of literature
  • 4.3 Materials and methods
  • 4.3.1 Experimental plants
  • 4.3.2 Growth conditions
  • 4.3.3 Light treatments
  • 4.A Different types of red light irradiation
  • 4.3.4 Determination of amylase activity
  • 4.4 Results
  • 4.1 α-Amylase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.1 α-Amylase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.2 α -Amylase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.2 α -Amylase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.3 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.3 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.4 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 4.4 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 4.5 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase at 6 hrs interval
  • 4.5 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase at 6 hrs interval
  • 4.6 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase at 6 hrs interval
  • 4.6 α -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial dark phase at 6 hrs interval
  • 4.7 α -Amylase activity of 72 hrs old Oryza saliva seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.7 α -Amylase activity of 72 hrs old Oryza sativa seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.8 α -Amylase activity of 96 hrs old Oryza saliva seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.8 α -Amylase activity of 96 hrs old Oryza sativa seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.9 α -Amylase activity of 120 hrs old Oryza saliva seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.9 α -Amylase activity of 120 hrs old Oryza sativa seedlings undergone different durations of red light treatment
  • 4.10 β-Amylase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.10 β-Amylase activity in Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.11 β -Amylase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.11 β -Amylase activity in Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different- wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.12 β -Amylase activity in Oryza saliva seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.12 β -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.13 β -Amylase activity in Oryza saliva seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 4.13 β -Amylase activity in Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 4.14 Average β -amylase activity for seven days of Vigna unguiculata seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.15 Average β -amylase activity for seven days of Arachis hypogaea seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.16 Average β -amylase activity for seven days of Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial light phase
  • 4.17 Average β -amylase activity for seven days of Oryza sativa seedlings grown under different-wavelength-lights with initial dark phase
  • 4.5 Discussion
  • CONCLUSION
  • Summary
  • References