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Full Screen- TITLE
- DECLARATION
- CERTIFICATE
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- CONTENTS
- LIST OF TABLES
- LIST OF FIGURES
- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
- I. INTRODUCTION
- 1.1. Review of literature
- Table 3.1Trend of Export and Imports since 1990
- 1.3. Statement of the problem
- 1.4. Scope of the study
- 1.5. Objectives of the study
- 1.6. Hypotheses of the study
- 1.7. Period of the study
- 1.8. Research design and methodology
- 1.1. Pepper / Cardamom growing centres of Kerala
- 1.9. Concepts and Definitions
- 1.10. Limitations of the study
- 1.11. Layout of the Research Report
- References
- II. SPICES AN OVERVIEW
- 2.1. History of spices trade
- 2.2. Global Spices Trade
- 2.3. Major centres of pepper cultivation and trade
- 2.4. Production and export of Pepper
- 2.1. Production and export of pepper
- 2.5. Demand and Consumption of pepper
- 2.6. Major Centres of cardamom production
- 2.7. Import and Re-export of Pepper and Cardamom
- 2.8. International Pepper Exchange
- 2.9. Indian Spices trade
- 2.10. Spices in Kerala
- 2.11. Spices Board of India
- References
- III. MARKETING BY PRODUCERS
- 3.1. Agricultural Marketing
- 3.2. Marketing of spices
- A. PEPPER
- 3.1. Area of cultivation, volume of production and domestic price of pepper
- 3.2. Common marketing channel of pepper
- B. CARDAMOM
- 3.3 Area of cultivation, volume of production and domestic price of cardamom
- 3.4 Common marketing channel of cardamom
- 3.3. Factor Analysis
- References
- IV. MARKETING BY DOMESTIC TRADERS
- 4.1. Profile of the respondents
- 4.2. Supply of spices
- 4.3. Sources of spices
- 4.1. Sources of supply of spices - Scale wise
- 4.4. Intensity of competition
- 4.2. Sources of spices - Experience wise
- 4.5. Difficulties in marketing the collected spices
- 4.6. Value addition
- 4.3. Value additions by the spices traders - Scale-wise
- 4.4. Value additions by traders - Experience-wise
- 4.7. Stock velocity
- 4.8. Marketing channel
- 4.5. Stock velocity of spices (months)
- 4.6. Marketing channels followed - Scale-wise
- 4.7. Marketing channels followed - Experience-wise
- 4.9. Operating expenses
- 4.10. Sources of finance
- 4.8. Sources of finance - Scale-wise
- 4.9. Sources of finance - Experience-wise
- 4.1 1. Availing warehousing facilities
- 4.12. Spices board and its activities
- 4.13. Government attitude and policies
- 4.14. Factor Analysis
- V. MARKETING BY EXPORTERS
- 5.1. Profile of the respondents
- 5.2. Demand for spices
- 5.3. Availability of spices
- 5.4. International Price
- 5.5. Financial settlement and contract defaults
- 5.6. Price fluctuation
- 5.7. Export costs
- 5.8. Monopolistic practices in the international market
- 5.9. Competition
- 5.10. Domestic competition
- 5.11. Speculation
- 5.12. Exchange rate fluctuations
- 5.13. Legal formalities
- 5.14. Attitude of banks towards spices exporters
- 5.15. Government policies and attitude
- 5.16. Effectiveness of the Spices Board
- 5.17. Hypothesis test results
- 5.18. Factor Analysis
- VI. FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
- Suggestions
- Agro-banking
- Scope for further research
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- APPENDIX -I Interview schedule for the producers
- APPENDIX - II Interview schedule for domestic traders
- APPENDIX - III Interview schedule for the Exporters