|
| |||||||||||
| |||||||||||
Full Screen- Title
- CERTIFICATE 1
- CERTIFICATE-2
- DECLARATION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- ABBREVIATIONS
- CONTENTS
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Review of Literature
- 2.1. Blue green algae
- 2.2. Heterocystous algae
- 2.3. Non-heterocystous algae
- 2.4. Free-living bacteria
- 2.5. Tolerance/Resistance
- 3 Materials and Methods
- 3.1. Bacteria
- 3.1.1 Metal treatment of bacterial culture and measurement of Nitrogenase activity
- 3.1.2 Preparation of extracts fbr enzyme assays
- 3.2. Lyngbya sp. and Nostoc sp.
- 3.2.1 Nitrogenase assay
- 3.2.2 preparation of exiracis for enzyme assays
- 3.3. Metal absorption study
- 3.3.1 Sample preparation
- 3.3.2 Analysis of metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (Perkin Elmer 3110 AAS) Mercury analyser (ECIL) 94-97
- 3.3.3 Estimation of thiols98
- 3.4. Statistical analysis
- 4 Results and Discussion
- SECTION A
- 4.1. Nitrogen fixation in Arotobecter sp. under heavy metal stress
- 4.1.1 Efiecf of nickel (Ni) on nitrogen firation in Azotobacter sp.
- (a) Effect of Ni on Nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Ni on glutamine synthetase (GS) activity of Azotobarte* sp.
- (c) Effect of Ni on glutamate synthase activity of Azotobacter sp.
- (d) Effect of Ni on glutamate dehydrogenase activity of Azotobacter sp.
- 4.1.2 Effect of copper (Cu) on nitrogen fixation in Azotobacter sp.
- (a) Effect of Cu on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cu on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cu on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cu on GDH activity
- 4.1.3 Effect of cadmium (Cd) on nilrogen fixation in Azotobacter sp.
- (a) Effect of Cd on nitmgenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cd on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cd on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cd on GDH activity
- 4.1.4 E M of mercury (Hg) on nitrogen fixation in Azotobacter sp.
- (a) Effect of Hg on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Hg on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Hg on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Hg on GDH activity
- 4.2. Nitrogen fixation in Lyngbya sp. under heavy metal stress
- 4.2.1 Effect of Eli on nitrogen fixation in Lyngbya sp.
- (a) Effect of Ni on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Ni on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Ni on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Ni on GDH activity
- 4.2.2 Effect of Cu on nitrogen fixation in Lyngbya sp.
- (a) Effect of Cu on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cu on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cu on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cu on GDH activity
- 4.2.3 Effect of cadmium (Cd) on nitrogen fixationin Lyngbya sp.
- (a) Effect of Cd on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cd on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cd on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cd on GDH activity
- 4.2.4 Effect of mercury (Hg) on nitrogen fixation in Lyngbya sp.
- (a) Effect of Hg on nitrogenage activity
- (b) Effect of Hg on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Hg on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Hg on GDH activity
- 4.3. Nitrogen fixation in Nostoc sp. under heavy metal stress
- 4.3.1 E M of Ni on nitrogen fixation in Nostoc sp.
- (a) Effect of Ni on nibgenase activity
- (b) Effect of Ni on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Ni on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Ni on GDH activity
- 4.3.2 Effect of copper (Cu) on nitrogen fixation in Nostoc sp.
- (a) Effect of Cu on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cu on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cu on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cu on GDH activity
- 4.3.3 Efkict of cadmium (Cd) on nitrooen fixation in Nostocsp.
- (a) Effect of Cd on nitmgenase activity
- (b) Effect of Cd on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Cd on GOGAT activity
- (d) Effect of Cd on GDH activity
- 4.3.4 EfiPct of mercury (HgJ on nitrogen fixation in Nostoc sp.
- (a) Effect of Hg on nitrogenase activity
- (b) Effect of Hg on GS activity
- (c) Effect of Hg on GOGAT activity
- (d) Jiffert of Hg on GDH activity
- SECTION B
- 4.4. Metal absorption by Azotobactersp., Lyngbya sp. and Nostoc sp.
- 4.4.1 Azotobacter sp.
- 4.4.2 Lyngbya sp.
- 4.4.3 Nastoc sp.
- 5 Summary
- References