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TITLE
DEDICATION
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
List of Abbreviations
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION
2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Fig. 2.2. Proposed mechanism of the diabetogenic action of alloxan
Fig. 2.3. Major causes of blindness by economic region
Fig. 2.4. Polyol pathway
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
3.1.1 Standardisation of alloxan dose
3.1.2 Histopathology
3.1.3 Preparation of lens extract
3.1.4 Processing of blood samples (Beutler, 1975)
(a) Preparation of packed red cell
(b) Preparation of 1: 20 hemolysate
3.2 BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
3.2.1 Glucose (Trinder, 1969)
3.2.2 Glycosylated hemoglobin (Chandalia eta/., 1980)
3.2.3 Lens protein glycosylation (Parker 1981)
3.2.4 Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.5 Glucose phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.6 Lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1. I .1.27) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.7 Adenosine triphosphate (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.8 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.9 Transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2) (Brand, 1983)
3.2.10 Transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1 (Brin, 1974)
3.2.11 Aldose Reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) (Gabbay and Kinoshita, 1975)
3.2.12 Sorbitol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.14) (Scher and Horecker, 1975)
3.2.13 Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) (Paoletti and Mocali, 1990)
3.2.14 Catalase (EC 1.I 1.1.6) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.15 Glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.16 Reduced glutathione (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.17 Ascorbic acid (Stanley 1979)
3.2.18 Glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) (Beutler, 1986)
3.2.19 Glutathione-S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.45) (Eeutler, 1986)
3.2.20 Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2) (Gowenlock, 1988)
3.2.21 Malonaldehyde (Stocks and Dormandy, 1971)
3.2.22 Diene Conjugate (Lunec 1981)
3.2.23 Hemoglobin (Beutler, 1975)
3.2.24 Proteins (Lowry 1951)
3.3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS (Rao, 1996)
4 EXPERIMENTAL DIABETOLOGY
4.1 GENERAL FEATURES
Fig 4.1 a) Normal rat and b) Diabetic cateract rat
Fig. 4.2. Lens weight of rats
4.2 HISTOPATH0LC) GY OF LENS
4.2.1 Results and Discussion
Fig. Captions Fig 4.4, Fig 4.5, Fig 4.6, Fig 4.7
4.3 HYPERGLYCEMIA AND DIABETIC CATARACT
4.3.1 Results and Discussion
Fig. 4.8. Simplified scheme of glucose metabolism in the lens
4.4 PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION AND DIABETIC CATARACT
4.4.1 Results and Discussion
4.5 GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAY
4.5.1 Result and Discussion
4.6 THE PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY
4.6.1 Results and Discussion
4.7 SORBITOL PATHWAY
4.7.1 Results and Discussion
4.8 OXIDATIVE STRESS
4.8.1 Results and Discussion
4.9 LIPID PEROXIDATION
4.9.1 Results and Discussion
4.10 PROTEIN
4.10.1 Results and Discussion
SUMMARY
Fig. 5.1 Possible mecanism of diabetic cataractogenesis
BIBLIOGRAPHY