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Full Screen- TITLE
- CERTIFICATE
- DEDICATION
- DECLARATION
- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
- CONTENTS
- I. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
- II. POLYMERIC REAGENTS: CONCEPTS AND CHARACTERISTICS
- 1. The Polymer Support
- 2. Chemical Modification of the Supports
- 3. Swelling Characteristics
- 4. Monitoring of Polymer-Supported. Reactions
- 5. Advantages and Limitations of Polymer-Supported Reactions
- 6. Nature of the Polymer Backbone
- 7. Molecular Character and Extent of Cross linking
- 8. Separation between the Polymer Matrix and Reactive Functions
- 9. Polymer-Supported Oxidising Reagents
- III. EXPERIMENTAL
- 1. Preparation of Cross linked Polyvinyl Pyrrolidones
- 2. Preparation of Polyvinyl pyrrolidone-Bromine Complexes
- 3. Determination of the Capacity of the Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) -Bromine Complex
- 4. Oxidation and Bromination Using Linear Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) - Bromine Complex
- 5. Oxidation and Bromination Reactions Using Cross linked PVP-Br
- 6. Characterization of the products
- 7. Monitoring the Course of Oxidation Reactions
- 8. Investigation of the Effect of Cross linking on the Extent of oxidation
- 9. Effect of Solvent
- 10. Effect of Molar Excess of the Reagent
- 11. Recycling and Reuse
- 12. Preparation of Tetraethyleneglycol Diacrylate Cross linked Polystyrene
- 13. Preparation of Polystyrene-PEG Graft Copolymer
- 14. Preparation of Acid Ester Resin from PS-PEG Resin
- 15. Preparation of the Ketonic Acid Resin
- 16. Preparation of Carboxylic Acid Resin
- 17. Preparation of the Acid Chloride Resin
- 18. Preparation of Malonic Ester Resin
- 19. Hydrolysis of the Malonic Ester Resin
- 20. Preparation of t-Alcohol Resin
- 21. Preparation of t-Butyl Hypochlorite Resin
- 22. Estimation of Carboxylic Groups
- 23. Estimation of Chlorine in the Acid Chloride Resin
- 24. Estimation of Chlorine in the Hypochlorite Resins
- 25. Synthetic Reactions Using t-Butyl Hypochlorite Resins
- 26. Swelling Studies of PS-PEG Resins
- 27. Thermogravimetry
- 28. 13C-CP / MAS NMR
- IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- 1. Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Supported Reagents: Preparation and Characterization
- a. Preparation of PVP-Br Complex
- b. Characterization of Linear PVP-Br
- c. Preparation and Characterization of Cross linked Poly vinyl pyrrolidones
- Fig. IV. 7 Scanning electron micrograph of 3%DVB-crosslinked PVP
- Fig. IV. 10. Scanning electron micrograph of 3%TTEGDA-crosslinked PVP
- d. Preparation of Bromine Complexes of Cross linked.Poly vinylpyrrolidones
- e. Characterization of Cross linked PVP-Br Resins
- a. Characterization of NNMBA-crosslinked PVP-Br
- b. Characterization of DVB-Crosslinked PVP-Br
- Fig IV Scanning electron micrograph of 3%DVB-crosslinked PVP-Br
- Fig.IV.14 Scanning electron micrograph of 3%DVB-crosslinked PVP-Br
- c. characterization of TTEGDA-Crosslinked PVP-Br
- 2. Oxidation and Halogenation Reactions Using Linear Poly vinylpyrrolidone Bromine Complexes
- a. Oxidation of alcohols
- b. Bromination
- 3. Effect of Reaction conditions on the Course of Oxidation Reactions
- a. Solvent
- b. Concentration of the Reagent Function
- 4. Recyclability of the Spent Reagent
- 5. Preparative Conversions Using Cross linked Polyvinylpyrrolidone Bromine Complexes
- a. Reactions Using NNMBA-Cross linked Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Bromine Complexes
- b. Synthetic Reactions Using DVB-Cross linked Polyvinylpyrrolidone Bromine Complexes
- c. Synthetic Reactions Using TTEGDA Cross linked Polyvinylpyrrolidone Bromine Complexes
- d. Selectivity
- 6. Recycling, Reuse and Stability of the Reagents
- 7. Investigation of Reactivity of Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Bromine Complexes
- a. Nature of the Support
- b. Effect of Cross link Density
- c. Effect of Solvent
- d. Effect of Concentration of the Reagent
- 8. t-Butyl Hypo chlorite Functions Supported on PEG-Grafted Polystyrene
- a. Preparation of Polystyrene-PEG Graft Copolymer
- b. Swelling Studies of PS-PEG Resin
- c. Preparation of t--Butyl Hypo chlorite Reagent from PS-PEG
- d. Synthetic Reactions
- e. Comparison with t-Butyl Hypochlorite Supported on DVB-Cross linked Polystyrene
- f. Effect of Solvent
- g. Recyclability
- 9. t-Butyl Hypochlorite Reagent Function on TTEGDA-Cross linked Polystyrene
- a. Preparation of Tetraethyleneglycol Diacrylate-Cross linked Polystyrene
- b. Incorporation of t-Butyl Hypochlorite Function to TTEGDA-Cross linked Polystyrene
- c. Oxidation Reactions with TTEGDA-Cross linked Polystyrene Supported Hypochlorite
- d. Investigation of the Reactivity of the Reagent
- e. Recyclability
- V. CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
- VI. REFERENCES