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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DEDICATION
CONTENTS
Preface
I. A comparative study of the skin of some fresh water cat fishes
Introduction
FIGURES
Materials and Methods
Observations
Table I. Comparative thickness of the skin layers in the cat fishes
Table 2. Terminology used by various workers for different Cellular Components of Fish
Epidermis
Epithelial cells
Table 3. Dimensions of epthelial cells in the cat fishes
Mucous Cells
Table 4. Density and diameter of mucous cells
Club Cells
Table 5. Density and dimensions of the club cells in the epidermis
Lymphocytes
Table 6. Dimensions of the Lymphocytes in the epidermis
Dermis
Stratum laxum
Stratum compactum
Subcutis
DISCUSSION
ABBREVIATIONS
FIGURES
II. A detailed study of the skin of Clarias batrachus Introduction
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Fig. 1 Regions of the body from where skin fragments were excised
Observations
Table I. Variations in the thickness of skin layers in various regions of the body of Clarias batrachus
Table II. Variations with age on the thickness of dorsal skin layer in Clarias batrachus
Table III. Seasonal Variations in the thickness of dirsal skin layers of Clarias batrachus
Epidermis
a) Stratum germinativum
b) Middle layer
Table IV. Regional variations in the number of mucous cells and clubcells in the skin of Clarias batrachus
Table V. Seasonal variations in the density (no. of cells in lmm lengthand full depth of epidermis) of mucous cell& club cells in the dorsal skin
Table VI. Variations with age, on the density of n~ucousc ells and clubcellsin the dorsal skin of Clarias batroch2.1~
Table VII. Average dimensions of mucous cells and clubcells in variousregions of the skin of Clarias barrczchzrs
Table VIII. Seasonal variations i11 the dimensions of mucous cells and club cells[Expressed as mean (* S D) pm].
Table IX. Variations with age on the dirnensions ofmucous cells and club cells
c. Outermost Layer
Cutaneous sense organs
A. Taste buds
B. Pit Organs
Dermis
Subcutis
DISCUSSION
FIGURES
III. Histopathological changes in the skin of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
I. Macroscopic observations
II. Microscopic Observations
A. Structure of dorsal skin of normal fish (Control or Zero hour treatment)
B. Structure of dorsal skin of fish exposed to PH 6. (Experimental skin)
Table II Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of various histopathological observations in the dorsal skin of Clarias batrachus during different durations of exposure to acidified water
Table III. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the epidermal thickness (MET) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Epithelial Cells
Mucous Cells
Table IV. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the No. of mucous cells (KMC) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Table V. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the Diameter of mucous cells (DMC) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Club Cells
Table VI. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the number of club cells (NCC) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Table VII. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the height of club cells (HCC) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Table VIII. Duncans multiple range test applied to examine significant change in the width of club cells (WCC) of Clarias batrachus exposed to acidified water for different periods
Leucocytes
Dermis
Melanocytes
Hypodermis
DISCUSSION
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
FIGURES
IV. Regeneration and repair of wounds in Clarias batrachus Introduction
Introduction
Materials and Methods
FIGURES
Observations
A. Macroscopic Observations
Graph I. Excision wound area in Clarias batrachus during the healing process
Table I Wound contraction, in excised wound in Clarias batrachus represented as percentage of wound area
B.Microscopic observations
Changes in the Epidermis
Changes in the Sub-epidermal tissue
Abnormal Observations in Wound healing
DISCUSSION
FIGURES
Summary
A. Comparative Structure of the skin of Clarias batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis and Mystus gulio
B. Detailed structure of the skin of Clarias batrachus
C. Effect of acidic pH on the skin of Clarias batrachus
D. Wound healing and regeneration in Clarias batrachus
BIBILIOGRAPHY