Online Thesis Search Results

TITLE
DEDICATION
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF BOXES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
1.2 Origin and distribution.
1.3 History of neem
1.1 Geographical distribution of neem trees all over the world
1.4 Synonyms of neem
1.5 Taxonomy
1.1 Report on the marriage ceremony of Arayal and Veppu (Neem) of Narayanan kutty (1996) in Vanitha.
1.1 Common names and major synonyms used to describe neem (Azadirachta indica A.Juss)
1.6 Botany
1.2 The habit and habitat of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)
1.7 Fruits and seeds
1.8 Germination and seedling
1.9 Diversity and genetic variation
1.3 (a-f) Diagrammatic representation of a neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)
1.10 Evaluation of genetic diversity
1.10.1 Coefficients of variation
1.10.2 Heritability
1.10.3 Genetic divergence
1.11 Objectives
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Materials
2.2 Methods
2.2.1 Bibliographic investigations
2.2.2 Locations
2.2.2.1 Kerala
2.2.2.2 Tamil Nadu
2.1 Map showing India with major physiographic divisions and study area.
2.2 Map showing the eleven study locations and the respective agroecosystems in the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
2.2.2.3 Study locations
2.2.3 Field Study
2.1 Details of the study locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
2.1 Candidate tree selection format
2.2 Candidate tree assessment data sheet
2.3 (a d) Diagrammatic representation of the characteristics and the quantitative measurements taken for crown and bole of neem tree.
22.3.1 Population and sampling tree selection
2.2.3.2 Field observation
2.2.4 Phenological studies
2.2.4.1 Phenology
2.2.4.2 Flower bearing capacity
2.2.4.3 Fruit bearing capacity
2.2.5 Sample collection
2.3 Phenological data sheet
2.4 Data sheet for flower bearing capacity studies
2.5 Data sheet for fruit bearing capacity studies
2.2.6 Morphological studies
2.2.6.1 Flower
2.2.6.2 Fruits and seeds
2.2.7 Germination Studies
2.4 (a-i) Diagrammatic representation showing the quantitative measurements taken for floral characters of neem tree.
2.2.7.1 Sterilisation of seeds
2.2.7.2 Test for viability
2.2.7.3 Pre-conditioning of seeds
2.2.7.4 Chemical stimulation
2.2.7.5 Germination
2.2.7.6 Germination percentage
2.2.7.7 Speed. of germination
2.2.7.8 Mean germination time
2.2.7.9 Vigour index
2.2.7.10 Survival of seedlings
2.2.7.11 Characteristics of cotyledons
2.2.7.12 Characteristics of eophylls
2.2.7.13 Seedling growth
2.2.7.14 Fresh and dry weight of seedling
2.2.8 Statistical Analysis
2.2.8.1 Genetic variability
2.2.8.2 Genetic parameters
2.2.8.2.1 Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation
2.5 (a-c) Diagrammatic representation showing the quantitative measurements taken for seedling characters.
2.2.8.2 2 Heritability (H2)
2.2.8.2 3 Genetic divergence (GD)
III. RESULTS
3.1 General
3.2 Study locations
3.3 Exploration and population studies
3.3.1 Sampling tree selection
3.1.11 The score achieved by the candidate trees for the various locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.12 The score of the candidate trees computed and characteristics of the sampling trees selected at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.4 Phenological studies
3.4.1 Foliage phenolorgy
3.4.2. Flowering phenology
3.4.3 Fruiting phenology
3.13 Phenological behaviour of sampling trees of neem at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.4.4. Flower bearing capacity
3.14 Flower bearing capacity of the sampling trees of neem at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.4.5 Fruit bearing capacity
3.5 Morphological Studies
3.5.1 Flower
3.5.1.1 Androecium
3.15 Characteristics of bract, calyx and corolla of neem flowers collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.16 Characteristics of androecium of neem flowers collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations.
3.17 Characteristics of gynoecium of neem flowers collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.5.1.2 Gynoecium
3.5.2. Fruit and seed studies
3.5.2.1 Fruit
3.5.2.2 Seed
3.6. Germination and seedling studies
3.6.1 Seed viability
3.18 The fruit bearing capacity and the characteristics of the fruits and seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.19 Viability and germination percentage of neem seeds and the characteristics of neem seedlings raised from seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.6.2 Germination
3.6.3 Effect of chemicals
3.7 Seedling Studies
3.7.1 Morphology
3.20 Germination percentage, speed and time of germination of neem seeds collected from eleven !, locations in Kerala and Tamilnadu.
3.21 Morphology of seedlings raised from the seeds collected from the sampling tree at eleven location; in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.7.2 Seedling growth
3.7.2.1 Roots
3.7.2.2 Lateral roots
3.7.2.3 Fresh and dry weight of roots
3.22 Variations in the root length and number of lateral roots in neem seedlings after 30 days for treatments at three levels in seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.23 Variation in the fresh weight and dry weight of roots of neem seedlings after 30 days for two treatments at three concentrations in seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.7.2.4 Shoots
3.7.2.5 Shoot fresh weight and dry weight
3.8 Statistical analysis
3.8.1 Analysis of variance
3.24 Variation in the shoot length and collar diameter in neem seedlings after 30 days for two treatments at three concentrations in seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.25 Variation in shoot fresh weight and dry weight of neem seedlings after 30 days for two treatments at three concentrations in seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.8.2 Genetic parameters
3.8.2.1 Coefficients of variation
3.8.2.1.1 Flower
3.26 ANOVA for the morphological characters of neem samples from eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.27 ANOVA for the growth characters (roots) of neem seedlings developed from seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu after treating with Thiourea and Gibberellic acid at three different concentrations.
3.28 ANOVA for the growth characters (shoot) of neem seedling developed from the seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu after treating with Thiourea and Gibberellic acid at three different concentrations.
3.29 Phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variation and heritability percentage on floral characters of neem flowers collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
3.8.2.1.2 Fruits, seeds, germination and seedlings growth
3.8.2.1.3 Effect of chemical stimulants
3.8.3 Heritability (Broad sense)
3.8.3.1 Flower
3.8.3.2 Fruit, seed, germination and seedling growth
3.8.3.3 Effect of chemical stimulants
3.8.4 Genetic divergence
3.30 Phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variation and heritability percentage on the characteristics of neem fruits, seeds and seed viability and germination of samples collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu
3.31 Phenotypic and genotypic co-efficient of variation and heritability percentage in the growth of the roots of neem seedlings raised from seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu treated with Thiourea and Gibberellic acid at three different concentrations.
3.32 Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and heritability percentage in the growth of the shoots of neem seedlings raised from seeds collected from the sampling trees at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu after treating with Thiourea and Gibberellic acid at three different concentrations.
3.33 Mahalanobis D2 values between the sampling trees of neem at eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu based on twelve floral characters.
3.34 Clustering of sampling trees of eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu based on twelve floral characters.
3.35 Inter and intra cluster distances of sampling trees of eleven locations in Kerala and Tamil Nadu based on twelve floral characters.
IV. DISCUSSION
4.1 General
4.2 Study locations
4.3 Exploration and population studies
4.4 Sampling tree selection
4.5 Phenological studies
4.5.1 Flower and fruit bearing capacity
4.6. Morphological studies
4.6.1 Floral biology
4.6.2 Fruit and seed studies
4.7. Germination and seedling studies
4.7.1 Seed viability and germination
4.7.2. Seedling studies
4.7.2.1 Morphology
4.7.2.2 Seedling growth
4.8 Statistical Analysis
4.8.1 Genetic variability
4.8.2 Analysis of variance
4.8.3 Genetic parameters
4.8.4 Genetic divergence
V. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES