Online Thesis Search Results

TITLE
DEDICATION
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED
I. INTRODUCTION
Organisation of the thesis
II. FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERS AND THEIR CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW
Part A CHEMISTRY OF REACTIVE POLYMERS: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES
II.1 Preparation of Functionalized polymers
II.1.1 Polymerization
II.1.2 Chemical functionalization of synthetic organic polymers
II.1.2.1 Functionalization of polystyrene
II.2 Properties and characterization of functionalized polymers
II.2.1 Physical form
II.2.1.i Linear polymers
II.2.1.ii Crosslinked polymers
a) Microporous or gel-type resins
b) Macroporous and macroreticular resins
c) Popcom polymers
d) Macronet polymers
II.2.2 Reactivity of functionalized polymers
II.2.3 Characterization of functionalized polymers
Part B CHEMICAL APPLICATIONS OF FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERS
II.3 Advantages and limitations of functionalized polymers
II.4 Polymeric reagents
II.5 Polymeric catalysts
II.6 Application of functionalized polymers in mechanistic studies
II.6.1 Introduction: The three-phase test
II.6.2 Cyclobutadiene intermediates
II.6.3 Benzyne intermediate trapping
II.6.4 Fries rearrangement
II.6.5. Benzil-benzilic acid rearrangement
III. BECKMANN REARRANGEMENT IN POLYMER MATRICES RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
III.1 Polymer Synthesis
III.1.1 Divinylbenzene (DVB) -crosslinked polystyrene
III.1.2 Tetraethyleneglycoldiacrylate (TTEGDA) -crosslinked po
III.2 Functionalization of polystyrene
III.3 Chloromethylation of polystyrene
III.4 Preparation of crosslinked polystyrene-bound oximes
III.4.1 Preparation of polymeric benzophenone oximes via Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction
III.4.2 Preparation of polymeric benzyl phenyl ketoximes via Grignard reaction
III.5 Beckmann rearrangement of the polystyrene-bound oximes
III.6 Characterisation of the functionalized polystyrene resins
III.7 Studies on reactivity
III.8 Reaction rate studies of the Beckmann rearrangement of polymeric oximes
III.9 Effect of the polymer backbone
III.9.1 Effect of the nature of crosslinking
III.9.2 Effect of the degree of crosslinking
III.10 Effect of solvent
III.11 Comparison of the reaction rates of polymeric oximes and their low-molecular weight analogues
IV. KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS ATTACHED TO A CROSSLINKED POLYMER: BECKMANN REARRANGEMENT IN DVB-CROSSLINKED-PS-BOUND OXIMES
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
IV. 1 Preparation of crosslinked polystyrene-bound dibenzylketoxime
IV.2 Beckmann rearrangement of crosslinked polystyrene-bound dibenzylketoxime
IV.3 Spectral characterisation of the functionalized polystyrene resins
IV.4 Reaction kinetic studies
IV.5 Quantitative analysis using solid-state IR spectroscopy
IV.5.1 Quantitative analysis using Shimadzu IR-470A spectrophotometer
IV.5.2 Two-peak method
IV.6 Kinetic characteristics of the Beckmann rearrangement of the polystyrene-bound oximes
V. EXPERIMENTAL
V. 1. Source of chemicals
V.2. Physical measurements
V.3. Synthesis of styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer: General procedure
V.4.Synthesis of styrene-tetraethyleneglycoldiacrylate copolymer: General procedure
V.5. Preparation of chloromethylmethylether
V.6. Chloromethylation of styrene-based copolymers: General procedure
V.7. Estimation of chlorine in the chloromethyl polystyrene
V.8. Preparation of the polymeric benzophenone oximes
V.9. Preparation of the polymeric oximes
V.10. Estimation of the hydroxyl capacity of polymeric oximes: General procedure
V.11. Beckmann rearrangement of the polymeric oximes
V.12. Analysis of the rearrangement products
V.13. Determination of the amino capacity of the amino resin: General procedure
V.14. Rate measurements
V.15. Preparation of crosslinked polystyrene-bound dibenzylketoxime
V.16. Beckmann rearrangement of the polystyrene-bound dibenzylketoxime
V.17. Analysis of the product of rearrangement of dibenzylketoxime
V.18. Kinetic studies
V.19. Quantitative analysis using IR spectroscopy
VI. CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK
VII. REFERENCES
APPENDICES