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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
PREFACE
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Irrigation Management
1.2 Participation of Farmers
1.3 Relevance of the Study
REFERENCES
2. FARMER PARTICIPATION IN IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT: AN OVERVIEW
2.1 Irrigation Management
2.1.1 Criteria for Irrigation Management
2.1.2 Constraints in Irrigation Management
2.1.2.1 Main System Management
2.1.2.2 Tail-end Deprivation
2.1.2.3 Free Riding
2.1.2.4 Fragmentation of Holdings
2.1.2.5 Corruption
2.1.3 Improvements to Irrigation Management
2.2 Participation of Farmers
2.2.1 Objectives and Benefits
2.2.2 Participation through Farmer Associations
2.2.3 Components and Models of Participation
2.2.4 Prerequisites for Participation
2.3 Diffusion
2.3.1 Training
2.3.2 Catalyst
2.3.3 Motivation
2.4 Strategy for Irrigation Management through Participation of Farmers
2.4.1 CADA
2.4.2 Rotational Water Supply
2.4.3 Rationing and Charging
2.5 Conclusion
REFERENCES
3. THE PROCEDURE
3.1 Objectives of the Study
3.2 Definition of Concepts
3.2.1 Irrigation Management
3.2.2 Participation of Farmers
3.2.3 Command Area
3.2.4 Outlet
3.2.5 Farmer Association
3.3 Identification of Variables
3.4 Hypothesis
3.5 Research Design
3.6 Universe and Sample
Fig.3.COMMAND AREA MAP OF NEYYAR IRRIGATION PROJECT
3.7 Method of Data Collection
3.8 Preparation of the Tool and the Field Work
REFERENCES
4. RESPONDENTS AND PERCEPTIONS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Background of the Respondents
4.2.1 Farmers
4.2.1.1 Area of Survey
4.2.1.2 Classification of Area of Survey
4.2.1.3 Occupational Features
4.2.1.4 Age and Farming Experience
4.2.1.5 Sex of Farmers
4.2.1.6 Communitywise Classification
4.2.1.7 Educational Background
4.2.1.8 Land Size
Fig. 4: LAND SIZE OF FARMERS IN THESTUDY AREA
Fig. 5: WETLAND AND DRYLAND HOLDINGSFARMERS IN THE STUDY AREA
4.2.1.9 Cropping Pattern
4.2.1.10 Income Level
4.2.2 Officials
4.2.2.1 Institutionwise Distribution
4.2.2.2 Level of Officials
4.2.2.3 Disciplines Represented
4.2.2.4 Qualification
4.2.2.5 Age and Experience
4.2.2.6 Jurisdiction
4.2.2.7 Interest of Officials in Farming
4.2.2.8 Training Status of Officials
Fig. 6: TRAINING STATUS OF OFFICIALS
4.3 Perception of Farmers and Officials
4.3.1 With Regard to Irrigation
4.3.1.1 Availability of Water
Fig. 7: AVAILABILITY OF WATER FORIRRIGATION IN THE CANAL COMMAND
4.3.1.2 Reasons for Inadequate Supply
4.3.1.3 Type of Irrigation
4.3.1.4 Quantity of Water Applied
4.3.2 With Regard to Participation of Farmers
4.3.2.1 Participation of Farmers
4.3.2.2 Areas of Participation
4.3.2.3 General Factors Hindering Participation
4.3.2.4 Tradition of Cooperation
4.4 Observations and Discussions
REFERENCES
5. COMMAND AREA DEVELOPMENT
5.1 Introduction
5.2 CADA and the Three-Tier System
5.2.1 CADA
5.2.1.1 Functions of CADA
5.2.1.2 Perception of Farmers about CADA
5.2.1.3 Warabandi System
5.2.1.4 Benefits Yielded from CADA
Fig. 8: FARMERS BENEFITED FROM CAD
5.2.1.5 Opinions of Officials About CADA
5.2.1.6 Measures to Improve CADA
5.2.2 Farmer Associations
5.2.2.1 Functions of Farmer Associations
5.2.2.2 Popularity of Farmer Associations
5.2.2.3 Membership in Farmer Associations
Fig. 9: MEMBERSHIP STATUS IN FARMERASSOCIATIONS
Fig. 10: PATTERN OF MEMBERSHIP INDIFFERENT REACHES OF THE COMMAND
5.2.2.4 Intensity of Involvement
5.2.2.5 Activities of the Associations
5.2.2.6 Lethargy in. the Functioning of the Associations
5.2.2.7 Type of Contributions Possible
5.2.2.8 Measures to Improve Farmer Associations
5.2.2.9 Catalysing Participation
Fig.11: OPINION OF FARMERS REGARDING CATALYST IN PARTICIPATORY ACTIVITIES
5.2.3 Canal Committees
5.2.3.1 Functions of Canal Committees
5.2.3.2 Popularity of Canal Committees
5.2.3.3 Canal Committee Meetings During 1989-92
Table - 119: Details of canal cornnittee meetings held during1989 - 92 (three years)
5.2.3.4 Measures to Improve Canal Committees
5.2.4 Project Committee
5.2.4.1 Functions of Project Committee
5.2.4.2 Popularity of Project Committee
5.2.4.3 Project Committee Meetings During 1989-92
5.2.4.4 Measures to Improve Project Committee
5.3 observations and Discussions
REFERENCES
6. FACTORS INFLUENCING PARTICIPATION
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Factors Influencing
6.2.1 Farmer-Officer Relations
6.2.1.1 Contact of Farmers with Officials
Fig.12: FARMERS IN CONTACT WITH SENIOR/MIDDLE LEVEL OFFICIALS OF CADA AND ID
Fig.13: FARMERS IN CONTACT WITH FIELDLEVEL OFFICIALS OF CADA AND ID
6.2.1.2 Expectation About Officials
6.2.1.3 Capability of Officials in Ensuring Participation
6.2.1.4 Officials and Targets
6.2.1.5 Interest of Officials to Meet Farmers
6.2.1.6 Opinion of Officials About Other Officials
6.2.2 Incentives
6.2.2.1 Motivating Factors
6.2.2.2 Incentives Received
Fig.14: RECEIPT OF MATERIAL INCENTIVESBY FARMERS
6.2.2.3 Whether Satisfied with Incentives
6.2.2.4 Relation of Incentives with Participation
Fig. 15: ROLE OF MATERIAL INCENTIVESIN PARTICIPATION - VIEWS OF FARMERS
6.2.2.5 Incentives to Officials
Fig. 16: ROLE OF MATERIAL INCENTIVESIN PARTICIPATION - VIEWS OF OFFICALS
6.2.3 Jealousy
6.2.3.1 Response to Better Yield of Others
6.2.3.2 Sharing of Experiences
6.2.3.3 Jealousy of Neighbours
6.2.3.4 Jealousy and Participation
6.2.4 Religious / Caste / Community Differences
6.2.5 Political Differences
6.2.6 Fragmentation and Sub Division of Holdings
6.2.6.1 Problems Due to Fragmentation
6.2.6.2 Group Farming as the Solution
6.2.7 Disputes
6.3 Observations and Discussions
REFERENCES
7. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY AND SUGGESTIONS
7.1 Major Findings
7.2 Suggestions for Improving Participation of Farmers
7.3 Conclusion
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX 1. Interview Schedule - Farmers
APPENDIX 2. Interview Schedule - Officials