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  • TITLE
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • 1 INTRODUCTION
  • 1.1 General introduction
  • 1.2 KS element equations
  • 1.2 1 Equations of motion in a plane
  • 1.2.2 Equations of motion in space
  • Fig. 1.2.1: Definition of eccentric anomaly E
  • Fig. 1.2.2: Components of the force f?acting on the satellite
  • 1.2.3 Lagranges planetary equations
  • 1.2.4 Drag Force in terms of KS elements
  • 1.2.5 Bessel functions of imaginary argument In (z)
  • 1.2.6 Conclusion
  • 2 SHORT-TERM ORBIT PREDICTIONS WITH EARTHS ZONAL HARMONICS J5 TO J8 IN TERMS OF KS ELEMENTS
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Equations of Motion
  • 2.3 Analytic: Integration
  • 2.4 Numerical results
  • Table 2-1 - initial condition (position, velocity and osculating orbital parameters)
  • Table 2-2: Changes in semi-major axis (m) during a revolution with J5, J6, J7 and J8 from the initial epoch
  • Table 2-3: Changes in semi-major axis (m) during a revolution with Js, J6, J7 and J8 from the initial epoch
  • Table 2-4: Changes in inclination (deg) during a revolution with J5, J6, J7 and J8 (i x 1G) from the initial epoch
  • Table 2-5: Changes in inclination (deg) during a revolution with J5, J6, J7 and J8 (i), 10) from the initial epoch
  • 2.5 Conclusion
  • Table 2-6: Changes in argument of perigee + true anomaly (deg) during a revolution with J5, J6, J7 and J8 from the initial epoch.
  • 2.6 APPENDIX
  • 3 ORBITAL THEORY FOR AN OBLATE EXPONENTIAL ATMOSPHERE IN TERMS OF KS ELEMENTS
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Model for air density
  • 3.3 Equation of variation of energy
  • 3.4 Equations for variation of the KS elements
  • 3.5 Numerical results
  • Table 3-1 Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 3-2 Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 3-3. Decrease in (e x 105) after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 3-1: Comparison between ANAL and by NUM values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 3-2: Comparison between ANAL and NUM values of eccentricity decrease alter 100 revolutions
  • 3.6 Conclusion
  • Fig. 3-3: Comparison between ANAL3 and ANAL4 values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 4 ORBITAL THEORY FOR AN ATMOSPHERE WITH DAY TO-NIGHT DENSITY VARIATION IN TERMS OF KS ELEMENTS
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Day-time bulge
  • 4.3 Variations in angular frequency and KS elements
  • 4.4 Numerical results
  • Table 4-1 Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 4-2: Decrease it semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 4-3: Changes in eccentricity x 105after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 4-1: Comparison between ANAL and NUM values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 4-2: Comparison between ANAL and NUM values of eccentricity decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 4.5 Conclusion
  • Fig. 4-3: Comparison between ANAL3 and ANAL4 values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 5 ORBITAL THEORY FOR AN OBLATE DIURNALLY VARYING ATMOSPHERE IN TERMS OF KS ELEMENTS
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Density Model
  • 5.3 Change in Angular frequency and KS elements
  • 5.4 Numerical results
  • Table 5-1 Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 5-2 Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 5-3: Decrease in eccentricity x 105 after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 5-1: Comparison between ANAL and NUM values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 5-2: Comparison between ANAL and NUM values of eccentricity decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 5.5 Conclusion
  • Fig. 5-3: Comparison between ANAL3 and ANAL4 values of semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 6 ORBITAL THEORY IN TERMS OF KS ELEMENTS WHEN ATMOSPHERIC SCALE HEIGHT VARIES WITH ALTITUDE
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Atmospheric density model
  • 6.2 Variations in angular frequency and KS elements
  • 6.3 Numerical results
  • Table 6-1: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 6-2: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 6-3: Decrease in eccentricity x 105 after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 6-1: Comparison between ANAL4 and NUM values in semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 6-2: Comparison between ANAL4 and NUM values in eccentricity decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 6.4 Conclusion
  • Fig. 6-3: Comparison between ANAL3 and ANAL4 values in semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 7 ORBITAL THEORY USING KS ELEMENTS IN AN OBLATE DIURNALLY VARYING ATMOSPHERE WITH SCALE HEIGHT DEPENDING ON ALTITUDE
  • 7.1 Introducttion
  • 7.2 Atmospheric density model
  • 7.3 Variations in angular frequency and KS elements
  • 7.4 Numerical results
  • Table 7-1: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 7-2: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 7-3: Decrease in eccentricity x 105 after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 7-1: Comparison between NUM and ANAL values in semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 7.5 Conclusion
  • Fig. 7-2: Comparison between NUM and ANAL4 values in eccentritity decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 7-3: Comparison between ANAL3 and ANAL4 values in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • 8 A STUDY ON SWINERD AND BOULTON THEORY AND KS ELEMENT THEORY IN AN OBLATE DIURNALLY VARYING ATMOSPHERE WITH SCALE HEIGHT DEPENDING ON ALTITUDE
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Basic equations for a and e
  • 8.3 Numerical results
  • Table 8-1: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 8-2: Decrease in semi-major axis after 100 revolutions
  • Table 8-3: Decrease in eccentricity x 105 after 100 revolutions
  • Table 8-4: Comparison between ANAL and KSANAL values with NUM values of semi-major axis decrease after 500 revolutions with inclination 50 degrees
  • Table 8-5: Comparison between ANAL and KSANAL values with NUM values of eccentricity decrease after 500 revolution with inclination 50 degree
  • Fig. 8-1: Comparison between NUM and ANAL4 values in semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • Fig. 8-2: Comparison between NUM and ANAL4 values in eccentricity decrease after 100 revolutions
  • 8.4 Conclusion
  • Fig. 8-3: Comparison between KSANAL and ANAL values in semi-major axis decrease after 100 revolutions
  • BIBLIOGRAPHY