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  • TITLE
  • CERTIFICATE
  • DECLARATION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
  • CONTENTS
  • LIST OF TABLES
  • LIST OF FIGURES
  • LIST OF FLOW CHARTS
  • ABBREVIATIONS
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • Flow chart No. I Etiology of Alcohol
  • 1.1 Impact of Alcoholism
  • 1.2 A Global Menace
  • 1.3 Kerala Scenario in Focus
  • 1.4 Rationale of the Study
  • 1.5 Objectives and Hypotheses
  • 1.6 Methodology
  • Summing up
  • 2. ADDICTION: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
  • 2.1 Alcoholism
  • 2.1.1 Historical aspect
  • Fermentation
  • Distillation
  • 2.1.2 Different Types of Alcohol
  • 2.1.3 Chemistry of Alcoholism and its Effect
  • Short-term Effects of Depressants
  • Long-term Effects
  • 2.1.3.1 Alcohols Trip and its Effects
  • 2.1.3.2 Syndromes Connected with Alcohol
  • 2.1.4 Various Causes of Alcoholism
  • 2.1.5 Family of Alcoholics
  • 2.1.6 A Disease
  • 2.2 Drug Abuse
  • 2.2.1 Historical Aspect
  • 2.2.2 Classification of Drug and its Effects on the Body.
  • 2.2.2.1 Legal Drugs
  • 2.2.2.2. Illegal Drugs
  • 2.2.3 Classification of Addictive Drugs
  • 2.2.3.1 Narcotic Analgesics
  • Flow chart No. 2 Narcotic Analogies
  • 2.2.3.2 Stimulants
  • 2.2.3.3.Hallucinogens
  • 2.2.3.4 Depressants
  • 2.2.3.5 Cannabis
  • 2.2.3.6 Volatile Solvents
  • 2.2.3.7 Other Drugs of Abuse
  • 2.2.4 Various Causes of Drug Abuse
  • 2.2.4.1 Individual Factors
  • 2.2.4.2 Social Factors
  • 2.3 Tobacco Related Problems
  • Fig. No: I Tobacco
  • 2.3.1 Ban of advertisements and legislation
  • 2.3.2 For successful legislative activities
  • Summing up
  • 3. TREATMENT: MYTH AND REALITY
  • Introduction
  • 3.1 Addiction, Recovery and Relapse
  • 3.1.1 Addiction
  • 3.1.1.1 The Stages of Addiction
  • 3.1.2 Recovery
  • 3.1.3 Relapse
  • 3.1.3.1 Relapse Prevention
  • 3.2 Misconception About treatment
  • 3.3 Different Models of Treatments
  • 3.3.1 Self Help programmes
  • 3.3.2 De -Addiction Centres
  • 3.3.3 Yoga
  • 3.3.4 Intensive Counselling
  • 3.3.5 Spiritual Retreat
  • 3.3.6 Aversion Therapy
  • 3.3.7 Antabuse Treatment
  • 3.3.8 Acupuncture
  • 3.3.9 Pranic healing
  • 3.3.10 Prayer Therapy
  • 3.3.11 Holistic Model
  • 3.4 Holistic Approach -A Gandhian Perspective
  • Summing up
  • 4. THE KERALA SCENARIO
  • Introduction
  • Table No. 1 An account of death tolls in some of the important hooch tragedies
  • 4.1 Pattern of Acoholism and Substance Abuse
  • Flow chart No. 3 Supply of Indian Made Foreign Liquor in Kerala
  • Flow chart No. 4 Supply of Toddy network
  • Flow chart No. 5 Classification of various liquors
  • Table No. 2 The rate of consumption of the liquor
  • 4.2 Handling the Menace
  • Table No.3 The revenue of the government income through Beverages Corporation
  • 4.2.1 Prohibition
  • 4.2.1.1 Prohibition in Indian Tradition
  • 4.2.2 Temperance Movement
  • 4.2.3 Treatment
  • 4.2.3.1 Retention In Treatment
  • 4.2.3.2 Community Involvement
  • 4.2.3.3 Support System
  • 4.3 Case Studies
  • 4.3.1 SURAKSHA
  • 4.3.2 ABHAYA
  • 4.3.3 ADARRT
  • 4.4 Data Analysis
  • Table No. 4 Age wise distribution of the respondent
  • Fig. No: 2 Age wise distribution
  • Table No. 5 Male / Female
  • Fig. No. 3 Married or Unmarried
  • Fig. No: 4 Religions
  • Fig. No: 5 Educational qualification
  • Fig. No: 6 Type of family
  • Fig. No: 7 Occupation
  • Table No. 6 Reason for taking the first drink
  • Fig. No: 8 Monthly income in rupees
  • Table No. 7 Age at the time of taking the first drink
  • Table No. 8 Place from where the first drink was taken
  • Table No. 9 Frequency of drinking
  • Table No. 10 Amount spent on alcohol
  • Table No. 11 Nature of relationship with family
  • Table No. 12 Source of money
  • Table No. I3 Attitude of co-workers
  • Table No. 14 Drinking and health
  • Table No. 15 Family relationships and financial situation
  • Table No. 16 Age and giving up the habit of drinking
  • Table No. 17 Persuasion to go to the treatment center
  • Table No. 18 Say No to drink
  • Table No. 19 Attitude towards the treatment center
  • Fig. No: 9 Experiences in the treatment centre
  • Table No. 20 Part of treatment that influenced better
  • Fig. No: 10 Positive decision taken under treatment
  • Fig. No: 1 1 Evaluation of the treatment programme
  • Fig. No: 12 Suggestions for improving treatment
  • Fig. No: 13 Major inspiration behind stop drinking
  • Fig. No: 14 Improvement in interpersonal relationship
  • Fig. No: 1 5 The attitude of others after the treatment
  • Fig. No: 16 Self evaluation
  • Fig No: 17 Changes seen after the treatment
  • Fig. No: 18 Relapse and its causes
  • Fig. No: 19 Follow up
  • Fig. No: 20 lntension to get rid of addiction
  • Fig. No: 21 Change of treatment centre
  • Fig. No: 22 Feelings at the time of failures
  • Fig. No: 23 Abstention and time span
  • Table No. 21 Main Precautions during the time of sobriety
  • Table No. 22 Visiting treatment center and participation in AAA Programmes
  • Table No. 23 Relaxation and happiness during the time of abstention
  • Table No. 24 Major achievements during abstention
  • Table No. 25 Society and encouragement
  • Table No. 26 Time with family members
  • Table No. 27 The programmes of the treatment centers for rehabilitation
  • Table No. 28 Financial background and family needs
  • Summing up
  • 5. TOWARDS AN APPROPRIATE MODEL FOR KERALA., .
  • Introduction
  • 5.1 Preventive Strategies
  • 5.2 Session
  • 5.2.1 Session I
  • 5.2.2 Session II Mutual Trust
  • 5.2.3 Session III The ideas of therapeutic community.
  • 5.2.4 Session IV Rules, Rights and responsibility
  • 5.2.5 Session V Peer Pressure Reversal Techniques.
  • 5.2.6 Session VI Volunteer Works
  • 5.2.7.Session VII..Five Common Feelings
  • 5.2.8 Session VIII Decision Making Process
  • 5.2.9 Session IX Developing Coping Skills
  • 5.2.10 Session X Self-Esteem
  • 5.2.11 Session XI Assertive skill
  • 5.2.12 Session XII Developing Social View
  • 5.2.13 Session XIII Time Management
  • 5.2.14 Session XIV Communicative Skills
  • 5.2.15 Session XV Stress Management
  • 5.2.16 Session XIV Prayer is powerful
  • 5.3 Towards a model Treatment Programme
  • 5.3.1 History Taking
  • 5.3.2 Programme in a nut shell
  • 5.3.3 An over view of the Programme
  • Summing up
  • 6. CONCLUSION
  • SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • APPENDICES
  • APPENDIX - l GLOSSARY OF ALCOHOL TERMS
  • APPENDIX - II INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
  • APPENDIX - III DRUG USE QUESTIONNAIRE (DAST)
  • APPENDIX - IV DO YOU HAVE ATTENTION DEFICIT ?
  • APPENDIX -V FAMILY RECOVERY QUESTIONNAIRE
  • APPENDIX -VI THE TWELVE TRADITIONS OF ALCOHOLIC ANONYMOUS
  • APPENDIX -VII THE TWELVE STEPS
  • APPENDIX -VIIl LIST OF LEGISLATION REVIEWED
  • APPENDIX -IX AL-ATEEN IS FOR YOU^
  • APPENDIX -X AL-ANON IS FOR YOU^
  • APPENDIX -XI DID YOU GROW UP WITH A PROBLEM DRINKER?
  • APPENDIX -XII NEGATIVE RULES AND NEGATlVE MESSAGES COMMONLY HEARD IN ALCOHOLIC OR OTHER TROUBLED FAMILIES.
  • APPENDIX -XIII TWELVE THINGS TO DO IF YOUR LOVED ONE IS ALCOHOLIC
  • APPENDIX -XIV BANGKOK DECLARATION of Non - Governmental Organizations - 1994 World Forum on Drug Demand Reduction
  • APPENDIX - XV AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY IN FIVE SHORT CHAPTERS