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Thesis Details
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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABBREVIATIONS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF APPENDICES
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
1.2. NEED AND SIGNlFlCANCE OF THE STUDY
1.3. THE PROBLEM FOR INVESTIGATION
1.4. DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.4.1. Overall Parental Pressure (OPP)
1.4.2. Perceived Parental Pressure (PPP)
1.4.3. Academic Interest (AInt)
1.4.4. Actual Academic Achievement (AAch)
1.4.5. Self-esteem
1.4.6. Creativity
1.4.6.1. Overall Creativity
1.4.6.2. Non-verbal Creativity (nvCr)
1.4.6.3. Verbal Creativity (vCr)
1.4.7. Socio-economic Status (SES)
1.4.8. Type of school
1.4.9. Children
1.4.10. First -born and Later-born
1.4.11. Mothers employment
1.5. OBJECTIVES
1.6. HYPOTHESES
2. REVlEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. PARENTING VARIABLES RELATED TO ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
2.1.1. Parenting Styles
2.1.1.1. Classification of Parenting Styles
2.1.1.2. Parenting Style and Academic Achievement
2.1.2. Parental Involvement in Studies
2.1.2.1. Conceptualisation of Parental Involvement
2.1.2.2. Types of Involvement
2.1.2.3. Parental Involvement and Academic Achievement
2.1.2.3.1. Process Involved
2.1.2.3.2. Inner resources for Academic Achievement: Theoretical Perspective
2.1.2.3.3.The Parenting Environment Promoting lnner Resources
2.1.3. Parental Expectations and Academic Achievement
2.1.4. Parental Academic Pressure in Relation to Academic Achievement and Psychological Maladjustment in Children
2.1.5. Evaluation of Literature and Relevance of the Present Study
2.2. SELF-ESTEEM
2.2.1. Conceptualisation of Self-esteem
2.2.2. Components/Dimensions of Self-esteem
2.2.3. The Antecedents of Self-esteem
2.2.4. Parenting Behaviours/Attitudes and Self-esteem
2.2.5. Self-esteem and Academic Achievement
2.2.6. Gender Differences and Self-esteem
2.2.7. Socio-economic Status and Self-esteem
2.2.8. Evaluation of Literature and Relevance of the Present Study
2.3. CREATIVITY
2.3.1. Conceptualisation of Creativity
2.3.1.1. Definition
2.3.1.2. The Creative Process
2.3.2. Parenting Environmenat and Creativity
2.3.2.1. Psychological Climate and Creativity
2.3.2.2. Parent-Child Relationship and Creativity
2.3.3. Other Correlates of Creativity
2.3.3.1. Socio-economic Status and Creativity
2.3.3.2. Gender Differences and Creativity
2.3.3.3. Academic Achievement and Creativity
2.3.3.4. Self-esteem and Creativity
2.3.4. Evaluation of Literature and Relevance of the Present Study
3. METHOD
3.1. THE SAMPLE
1. Split-up of the Sample
3.2. THE TOOLS
3.2.1. Development of Inventories: PPI, PPPl and All
3.2.1.1. Item Preparation
3.2.1.2. Item Analysis
3.2.1.3. Reliability and Validity
2. Internal Consistency Reliability Coefficients of the Newly Constructed Tests
3.2.2. Parental Pressure Inventory (PPI)
3.2.2.1. Scoring Pattern
3.2.3. Perceived Parental Pressure Inventory (PPPI)
3.2.3.1. Scoring
3.2.4. The Academic Interest Inventory (All)
3.2.4.1. Scoring
3.2.5. Self-esteem Inventory
3.2.5.1. Scoring
3.2.5.2. Reliability and Validity
3.2.6. Creativity Test
3.2.6.1. Reliability and Validity
3.2.6.2. Scoring
3.2.7. Personal Data Questionnaire
3.2.7.1. Scoring
3.3. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
3.4. STATISTlCAL TECHNIQUES
3.4.1. Correlation
3.4.2. Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation
3.4.3. Analysis of Covariance and Duncans Multiple Range Test
3.4.4. Test
4. RESULTS
4.1. SECTION I: CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STUDY VARIABLES
4.1.1. Correlation between OPP and its Components and PPP, AInt, AAch, Self-esteem, and Overall Creativity and its Dimensions
4.1.1.1. Correlation between OPP, its Components and PPP
3. Correlation of OPP and its Components with Dependent Variables
4.1.1.2. Correlation between OPP, its Components and AInt
4.1.1.3. Correlation between OPP, its Components and AAch
4.1.1.4. Correlation between OPP, its Components and Self-esteem
4.1.1.5. Correlation between OPP, its Components and Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr and its Dimensions
4.1.2. Correlation between OPP, its Components and SES Variables
4. Correlation of OPP and its Components with SES Variables
4.1.3. Intercorrelation among the Dependent Variables and the SES Variables
4.1.3.1. Correlation between PPP and SES Variables
5. Inter-correlation among the Variables Related to OPP
4.1.3.2. Correlation between PPP and AInt
4.1.3.3. Correlation between PPP and AAch
4.1.3.4. Correlation between PPP and Self-esteem
4.1.3.5. Correlation between PPP and Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr andits Dimensions
4.1.3.6. Correlation between AInt and Overall SES and its Variables
4.1.3.7. Correlation between AInt and AAch
4.1.3.8. Correlation between AInt and Self-esteem
4.1.3.9. Correlation between Alnt and Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr, andits Dimensions
4.1.3.10. Correlation between Self-esteem, and Overall SES and itsVariables
4.1.3.11. Correlation between Self-esteem, and Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr and its Dimensions
4.1.3.12. Correlation between AAch, and Overall SES and its Variables
4.1.3.13. Correlation between Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr and itsDimensions and Overall SES and its Variables
4.1.3.14. Correlation between AAch and Self-esteem
4.1.3.15. Correlation between AAch, Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr and its Dimensions
4.2. SECTION II: PREDICTION OF DEPENDENT VARIABLES FROM A GROUP OF STUDY VARIABLES AND THEIR PARTIAL CORRELATION
4.2.1. Prediction of PPP from Combined Study Variables and its PartialCorrelation
6. Results of the Analysis of Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation of PPP
4.2.2. Prediction of Alnt from Combined Predictor Variables and its Partial Correlation
7. Results of the Analysis of Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation of Alnt
4.2.3. Prediction of AAch from Combined Predictor Variables and itsPartial Correlation
8. Results of the Analysis of Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation of AAch
4.2.4. Prediction of Self-esteem from Combined Predictor Variables andits Partial Correlation
9. Results of the Analysis of Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation of Self-esteem
4.2.5. Prediction of Over-all Creativity from Combined Predictor Variables and their Partial Correlation
10. Results of the Analysis of Multiple Regression and Partial Correlation of Overall Creativity
1. Figure Showing the Relationship between the Dependent Variables and their Predictor Variables
4.3. SECTION IlI: COMPARISON OF STUDY VARIABLES BASED ON TYPE OF SCHOOLS
11. Comparison of Group Means, Standard Deviations and F- values for SES Scores based on Type of School
4.3.1. Comparison of OPP and its Components based on Type of School
12. Results of Analysis of Covariance of OPP and its Components
13. Results of Multiple Range Test with Group Means and Standard Deviations of OPP and its Components
4.3.2. Comparison of PPP based on Type of school
14. Results of Analysis of Covariance of PPP
15. Results of Multiple Range Test with Group Means and Standard Deviations of PPP
4.3.3. Comparison of AInt based on Type of school
16. Results of Analysis of Covariance of Alnt
4.3.4. Comparison vfAAch based on Type of School
17. Results of Analysis of Covariance of AAch
18. Results of Multiple Range Test with Means and Standard Deviations of AAch
4.3.5. Comparison Self-esteem based on Type of School
19. Results of Analysis of Covariance of Self-esteem
20. Results of Multiple Range best with Means and Standard Deviations of Self-esteem
4.3.6. Comparison of Creativity based on Type of School
21. Results of Analysis of Covariance of Creativity
22. Results of Multiple Range Test with Group Means and Standard Deviations of Creativity
2. Comparison of the Mean Scores of Study Variables for Children from Three Types of Schools
4.4. SECTION IV: COMPARlSON OF STUDY VARIABLES BASED ON GENDER, MOTHERS EMPLOYMENT, AND BIRTH ORDER
4.4.1. Comparison of Study Variables based on the Gender of Children
23. Comparison of OPP and its Components based on Gender of Children with Means, SDs and t- values
24. Comparison of Dependent Variables based on Gender of Children with Means, SDs and t-values
3. Comparison of the Mean Scores of Study Variables for Boys and Girls
4.4.2. Comparison of OPP, its Components and the Dependent Variables based on Mothers Employment
25. Comparison of Study Variables based on Mothers Employment with Means, SDs and t- values
4. Comparison of the Mean Scores of OPP and its Components for Children of Unemployed and Employed Mothers
5. Comparison of the Mean Scores of Dependent Variables for Children of Unemployed and Employed Mothers
4.4.3. Comparison of OPP, its Components and the Dependent Variables based on &e Birth Order of Children
26. Comparison of Study Variables based on Birth Order of Children with Means, SDs and t-values
6. Comparison of the Mean Scores of the Study Variables based on the Birth Order of Children
4.5. SECTION V: ANALYSIS OFTH RESPONSES TO THE ITEMS OF ACADEMIC INTEREST INVENTORY
5. DISCUSSION
5.1. SECTION I: CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STUDY VARIABLES
5.1.1. Correlation between OPP, its Components and PPP
5.1.2. Correlation between OPP, its Components and AInt
5.1.3. Correlation between OPP, its Components and AAch
5.1.4. Correlation between OPP, its Components and Self-esteem
5.1.5. Correlation between OPP its Components and Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr and its Dimensions
5.1.6. Correlation between OPP, its Components and SES Variables
5.1.7. Correlation between PPP and Overall SES and its Variables
5.1.8. Correlation between PPP and Alnt
5.1.9. Correlation beween PPP and AAch
5.1.10. Correlation between PPP and Self-esteem
5.1.11. Correlation between PPP, Overall Creativiy, nvCr, vCr and itsDimensions
5.1.12. Correlation between AInt and Overall SES and its Variables
5.1.13. Correlation between Alnt and AAch
5.1.14. Correlation between Alnt and Self-esteem
5.1.15. Correlation between Alnt, Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr, and its Dimensions
5.1.16. Correlation between Self-esteem, Overall SES and its Variables
4.6.17. Correlation between Self-esteem, Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr, and its Dimensions
5.1.18. Correlation between AAch, Overall SES and its Variables
5.1.19. Correlation between AAch and Self-esteem
5.1.20. Correlation between AAch, Overall Creativity., nvCr, vCr and its Dimensions
5.1.21. Correlation between Overall Creativity, nvCr, vCr, and its Dimensions and Overall SES and its Variables
5.2. SECTION II: PREDICTION OF DEPENDENT VARIABLES FROM A GROUP OF STUDY VARIABLES AND THEIR PARTIAL CORRELATION
5.2.1. Prediction of PPP from a group of combined Study Variables and its Partial Correlation
5.2.2. Prediction of AInt scores from combined Predictor Variables and its Partial Correlatis
5.2.3. Prediction of AAch and its Partial Correlation
5.2.4. Prediction of Self-esteem and its Partial Correlation
5.2.5. Prediction of Overall Creativity and its Partial Correlation
5.3. SECTlON III: COMPARlSON OF STUDY VARIABLES BASED ON TYPE OF SCHOOL
5.3.1. Comparison of OPP and its Components based on Type of School
5.3.2. Comparison of PEP based on Type of School
5.3.3. Comparison of Alnt based on Type of School
5.3.4. Comparison of AAch based on Type of School
5.3.5. Comparison of Self-esteem based on Type of School
5.3.6. Comparison of Creativity scores based on Type of School
5.4. SECTION IV: COMPARISON OF STUDY VARIABLES BASED ON GENDER, MOTHERS EMPLOYMENT AND BIRTH ORDER
5.4.1. Comparison of Study Variables based on the Gender of Children
5.4.2. Comparison of the Study Variables based on Mothers Employment
5.4.3. Comparison of Study Variables based on the Birth Order of children
5.5. SECTION V: ANALYSIS OF RESPONSES TO THE ITEMS OF ACADEMIC INTEREST INVENTORY
6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
6.1. THE PROBLEM FOR INVESTIGATION
6.2. AIM
6.3. HYPOTHESES
6.4. CONCEPTULISATION OF TERMS
6.5. THE SAMPLE
6.6. THE TOOLS
6.7. TREATMENT OF DATA
6.8. RESULTS
6.9. DISCUSSlON
6.10. CONCLUSIONS
6.11. LIMITATIONS OF THE PRESENT STUDY
6.12. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
6.13. IMPLlCATIONS OF THE PRESENT STUDY / GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
1. Item Analysis of PPI
2. Item Analysis of PPPI
3. Item Analysis of All
4. Parental Pressure Inventory (PPI)
4 (a) Scoring Key for PPI
5. Perceived Parental Pressure Inventory (PPPI)
5 (a) Scoring Key for PPPI
6. Academic Interest Inventory (All)
6 (a) Scoring Key for All
7. Self-esteem Inventory
8. Non-verbal Test of Creative Thinking
8 (a) Scoring of Creativity Test
9. Personal Data Sheet
10. The Socio-economic Variables and their Scoring
11. Analysis of the Responses of All