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TITLE
DECLARATION
CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
ABBREVIATIONS
I. Introduction
Objectives
CHAPTER SCHEME
II. The Context and Framework
SECTION - I
The Context
Evolution of Local Self Governments in India
Local Governments under British Rule
Local Governments in the Post-Independence Period
The First Generation Panchayats
Second Generation Panchayats
Third Generation Panchayats
Decentralisation in Kerala
Decentralisation of Planning in Kerala
Peoples Plan Campaign
Studies on Peoples Plan Campaign
The Design of Decentralisation
SECTION - II
Conceptual Framework
Rationale of Decentralisation: Efficiency Arguments
Democratisation Arguments
Dimensions of Participation
Limitations of Participation
2.1 Types of Participation
Representative Democracy
Decentralisation and Democratisation
Limitations of Decentralisation
Planning and Participation
2.2 Stages of Planning and Participatory Structures
SECTION - III
Data and Methodology
2.3 Sample Panchayats
III. The Design of Decentralisation
SECTION - I
The Constitutional Framework
SECTION - II
Functional Architecture of Decentralisation
3.1 Functional Design of Decentralisation
Grama Panchayat Functions
Functions of Block and District Panchayats
Section - III
The Architecture of Fiscal Decentralisation
3.2 Revenue Sources of Panchayats
The Plan Grant-in -Aid
3.1 Budgeted Plan Grant to Local Bodies
3.2 Comparison between Own Revenue and Plan Grant-in-Aid: Village Panchayats
3.3 The Criteria for Intra -Tier Distribution of Plan Grant-in-Aid
3.4 Per-capita Distribution of Total Expenditure by Major Sub Categories in Rupees: Grama Panchayat
SECTION - IV
Administrative Decentralisation in Kerala
Transfer of Institutions and Staff
Administration
The Committee System of Administration
3.5 Standing Committees of Local Bodies
3.3 Administrative Decentralisation
SECTION - V
Decentralisation of Planning
3.4 The Planning Cycle
Kerala Development Plan
3.6 Guidelines on Sectoral Allocation Indicated for Local Bodies IX plan
3.7 Guidelines for Sector Allocation in Tenth Plan
The Special Component Plans
SECTION - VI
Integration and Co ordination
The Legislative Provisions for Integration
The District Plans
Government Directions for Integration
Transparency and Accountability
CONCLUSION
IV. Participation in Grama Sabha
SECTION - I
Average Participation in Grama Sabha
4.1 Average Participation in Grama sabhas
The Size of Grama Sabha
Participation Rate
4.2 Size of Grama sabhas
4.3 Rate of Participation in Grama sabhas
4.4 Rate of Participation: A Frequency Distribution of Grama sabhas
Participation of Women
4.5 Proportion of Women Participation
Participation of Scheduled Castes
4.6 Proportion of SC in Grama sabhas
SECTION - II
The Characteristics of Participation
The Age of Participants
4.7 Age-wise Distribution of Participants
Education Level and Participation
4.8 The Age- wise Percentage Distribution of People in Kerala 1991
4.9 Level of Education of Participants
Occupation of Participants
4.10 Occupation of Participants
Other Determinants of Participation
Purpose and Participation
4.11 Average Participation by Purpose of Grama sabha
The Political Dimension of Participation
4.12 Rate of Participation in UDF and LDF Panchayats-Percentages
SECTION - III
Assessment of Trend and Quality of Participation in Grama Sabha
4.13 Trend of Participation
Perceptions of Rate of Participation
Quality of Involvement in the Grama Sabha
4.14 Perception of Rate of Participation
4.15 Quality of Involvement in Grama sabha
The Reasons of Low Participation
4: 16 Ranking of Reasons of Low Participation
CONCLUSION
V. Participation in Higher Stages of Planning and Implementation
SECTION -I
The Development Seminar
Women Participation in Development Seminar
5.1 Participation in Development Seminar
5.2 Women Participation in Development Seminar
Perception Regarding Participation
5.3 Development Seminar - Trend of Participation
Quality of Discussion in Development Seminar
5.4 Development Seminar - Perception Level of participation
Task Forces
5.5 Quality of Discussion in Development Seminar
5.6 Number of Task Forces / Working Groups
The Trend and Quality of Participation
5.7 Participation in Task force / Working Group
Involvement in the Preparation of the Projects
5.8 Perception Level of Participation in Task force / Working group
5.9 Involvement of the Task Force Members in the Preparation of Project
SECTION - II
Participatory Implementation
Beneficiary Oriented Projects
Public Works
The Work of the Beneficiary Committees
5.10 Number of Beneficiary Committee Work and Beneficiary Contribution
5.11 Perception Level of Beneficiary Contribution and Implementation of Work by Beneficiary Committees
Quality of Work by Beneficiary Committees
Accredited Agencies
5.12 Quality of Work by Beneficiary Committees
Monitoring
Peoples Evaluation of Projects
5.13 Quality of Monitoring of the Projects
5.14 Evaluation of Projects - Peoples involvement
CONCLUSION
VI. Integration of Local Plans
SECTION - I
Dimensions of Integration
Spatial Integration
Sectoral Integration
Financial Integration
Integration via Goals
Integration of Regular Plan Programmes with Special Programmes
Organisational Integration
Rural -Urban Integration
Inter-tier Integration
SECTION -II
The Local Priorities - An Analysis
6.1 The Vertical and Horizontal Flow of Information
Productive Sector Projects
6.1 Number of Projects
6.2 Grama Panchayat Projects in 1997-98 and 1998-99 - Productive Sector
Block Panchayat Plans
6.3 Percentage Share of Grants-in-aid and Projects - Block Panchayat
6.4 Block Panchayat Projects - Productive Sector
The District Plan
6.5 District Panchayat Thrissur - Productive Sector Projects
Municipal Plans
6.6 Municipal projects - Number and Share
Integration in Plans -An Assessment
6.7 Share of CSS and SSS in Local Plans
The Animal Husbandry Sector Projects in Puzhakkal Block
The Nature of the Projects
6.8 The Number of Projects and Share of Grants-in-Aid in Puzhakkal Block
6.9 Number of Animals / Birds Required and the Number of Panchayats
District and Block Panchayat Plans
Issues in Integration
SECTION - III
An Approach for Integration for Planning from Below
Information Flows and Integration
6.2 The Flow of Information for Integration
The Balance Approach
The Input -Output Approach
6.10 Input Matrix
6.11 Output Matrix
The Mechanism for Analysis
CONCLUSION
VII. Summary and Conclusions
BIBILIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
1 Schedule for Assessing Participation
3.1 Eleventh Schedule
3.2 Twelth Schedule
3.4 Sector wise Functions of Panchayats
6.1 Projects of Local Bodies
6.2 Projects of Industrial Estates of Local Bodies